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【字源大挪移—读书笔记】 第三部分:字尾
[3 字尾:[3.1]名词字尾、[3.2]形容词字尾、[3.3]副词字尾、[3.4]动词字尾
[3.1]名词字尾(Noun)
[3.1.1]表示【人】的字尾
-ain
-aire
-an
-ian
-ean
-ese
-ant
-ent
-ary
-ate
-ee {【备注】:和-er相反,表示"被……的人";}
-eer
-er
-or
-ar
-ier
-eur
-ician
-ist
-ite
-ive
-man
-on
-ster
-y
{
captain:capt - ain,[音:‘kæpt?n],n:船长,队长,陆军上校,首领;vt:指挥,率领;
villain:vill - ain,[音:‘v?l?n],n:恶棍,反派角色,坏人,淘气鬼,<非正式>犯罪;
millionaire:million - aire,n:百万富翁;
billionaire:bilion - aire,n:千万富翁;
American:Americ - an,n:美国人;
Canadian:Canad - ian,n:加拿大人;
European:Europ - ean,n:欧洲人;
Chinese:Chin - ese,n:中国人;
immigrant:immigr - ant,[音:‘?m?ɡr?nt],n:(外来)移民,侨民; {immigrate:[音:‘?m?ɡre?t];v:移居入境;}
servant:serv - ant,[音:‘s??rv?nt],n:仆人; {serve:v:服务,伺候,担任,可作……用,度过,对待;n:发球;}
president:presid - ent,n:(国家)总统,(公司)总裁,校长,总经理,社长; {preside:[音:pr?‘za?d],v:主持,任主席,统辖;}
student:stud - ent,n:学生; {study:n:研习;}
adversary:advers - ary,[音:‘ædv?rseri],n:敌人,对手,敌手;
secretary:secret - ary,[音:‘sekr?teri],n:秘书,部长,书记,大臣,写字台;
advocate:advoc - ate,[音:‘ædv?ke?t],n:拥护者,律师,提倡者,辩护者;v:提倡,主张;
candidate:candid - ate,[音:‘kænd?d?t],n:候选人,应试者;
employee:employ - ee,n:员工(被雇佣的人); {employ:v:雇佣;}
employer:employ - er,n:雇主;
trainee:train - ee,n:练习生,新兵; {train:vt:训练,培训,瞄准;vi:进行锻炼,接受训练,练习;n:列车,火车,行列,一系列;}
trainer:train - er,n:训练者;
egineer:egin - eer,n:工程师,技师;
volunteer:volunt - eer,n:志愿者,义工;
teacher:teach - er,n:教师;
doctor:doct - or,n:医师,医生;
scholar:schol - ar,n:学者;
premier:prem - ier,[音:pr?‘m?r],n:首相,总理;adj:首位的,第一的,最初的;
entrepreneur:entrepren - eur,[音:?ɑ?ntr?pr?‘n??r],n:企业家,承包商,主办者;
musician:mus - ician,n:音乐家,乐师;
physician:phys - ician,[音:f?‘z??n],n:(内科)医师;
finalist:final - ist,[音:‘fa?n?l?st],n:进入决赛的人,参加决赛的人;
specialist:special - ist,[音:‘spe??l?st],n:专家,专科医生,专食性动物;
Israelite:israel - ite,[音:‘?zr?la?t],n:以色列人,犹太人,上帝的选民;adj:以色列人的,以色列的;
fugitive:fugit - ive,[音:‘fju?d??t?v],n:逃犯,亡命之徒,逃亡者,难捕捉之物;adj:逃亡的,易逝的,难以捉摸的;
native:nat - ive,n:本地人,原住民;
chairman:chair - man,n:主席,议长,系主任;
salesman:sales - man,n:推销员;
champion:champi - on,n:冠军,斗士;
patron:patr - on,[音:‘pe?tr?n],n:赞助人,(老)主顾,守护神;
gangster:gang - ster,[音:‘ɡæ?st?r],n:帮派分子,流氓,匪徒,歹徒; {gang:[音:ɡæ?],n:(歹徒等的)一帮,一群,一伙;v:一帮,结成一伙,结伙袭击;}
youngster:young - ster,[音:[‘j??st?r],n:小孩,年轻人,少年,小伙子,儿童,幼小动物;
lady:lad - y,n:女士,夫人,淑女;
sissy:siss - y,[音:‘s?si],n:娘娘腔的男人,胆小无用的男子,女孩子;adj:娘娘腔;
}
[3.1.2]表示【阴性】的字尾
-elle
-ess
{
belle:b - elle,[音:bel],n:(艳冠群芳的)美女;
actress:actr - ess,n:女演员;
lioness:lion - ess,[音:‘la??nes],n:母狮(子);
}
[3.1.3]表示【小】的字尾
-cule
-ule
-el
-le
-en
-in
-ette
-ie
-y
-kin
-let
-ling
{
cubicle:cubi - cle,[音:‘kju?b?kl],n:小房间,小室,(办公室)小隔间,(学校宿舍)寝室; {cube:n:立方体,立方;vt:求……的立方;adj:立方的;}
particle:parti - cle,[音:‘pɑ?rt?kl],n:微粒,粒子,颗粒,极小量,质点,[语]小品词;
granule:gran - ule,[音:‘ɡrænju?l]],n:细粒,小粒,微粒;
molecule:mole - cule,[音:‘mɑ?l?kju?l],n:分子,微粒;
model:mod - el,[音:‘mɑ?dl],n:模型,原型,模范,模特儿,模型;adj:模范的,做模型用的;v:做模型,模仿,塑造;
tunnel:tunn - el,[音:‘t?nl],n:隧道,地道,洞穴;v:挖地道,挖隧道;
pebble:pebb - le,[音:‘pebl],n:小鹅卵石,鹅卵石,水晶,水晶透镜;v:用鹅卵石铺,用鹅卵石掷,使有鹅卵石纹;
rubble:rubb - le,[音:‘r?bl],n:碎石(堆),瓦砾;
maiden:maid - en,[音:‘me?dn],n:少女,处女,未婚女子,断头机,从未赢过的赛马;adj:未婚的,处女的,初次的;
bulletin:bullet - in,[音:‘b?l?t?n],n:公告,新闻快报,期刊,公示;vt:发表,用公告通知;
cigarette:cigar - ette,[音:‘s?ɡ?ret],n:香烟; {cigar:n:雪茄;}
diskette:disk - ette,[音:d?s‘ket],n:(电脑)磁片,<计>软盘; {disk:n:圆盘;}
birdie:bird - ie,[音:[‘b??rdi],n:(非正式)小鸟,高尔夫球中的得分低于标准杆的一击;v:以低于标准杆的一击得分;
kitty:kitt - y,n:猫咪; {cat:n:猫;}
daddy:dadd - y,n:爸爸; {dad:n:爸爸;}
tommy:tomm - y,n:tom的昵称;
lambkin:lamb - kin,[音:‘læmk?n],n:小羊,好孩子,乖乖;
napkin:nap - kin,[音:‘næpk?n],n:餐巾,一小块布或毛巾,卫生巾;
booklet:book - let,[音:‘b?kl?t],n:小册子;
leaflet:leaf - let,[音:‘li?fl?t]],n:(广告)传单,嫩叶,小叶;v:散发传单;
duckling:duck - ling,[音:‘d?kl??],n:小鸭(子);
yearling:year - ling,[音:‘j?rl??],n:满一岁(的动物),一岁的动物,一岁马;
}
[3.1.4]表示【量】的字尾
-ful
{
handful:hand - ful,n:满手,一手,一把,少量,<非>难控制的人,棘手之事;
mouthful:mouth - ful,n:满嘴,一嘴,一口,又长有拗口的词,少量;
}
[3.1.5]表示【主义、学说、态度】的字尾
-ism
-asm
{
communism:commun - ism,[音:‘kɑ?mjun?z?m],n:共产主义;
egoism:ego - ism,[音:?eɡo??z?m],n:本位主义,自我主义,利己主义;
enthusiasm:enthusi - asm,[音:?n‘θu?ziæz?m],n:热忱,热情,热心,热衷的事物;
sarcasm:sarc - asm,[音:‘sɑ?rkæz?m],n:讽刺,挖苦;
}
[3.1.6]表示【学术、技术】的字尾
-ic
-ics
{
logic:log - ic,n:逻辑(学);
magic:mag - ic,n:魔术;
mathematics:mathemat - ics,n:数学;
physics:phys - ics,[音:‘f?z?ks],n:物理学;
}
[3.1.7]表示【地方、场所】的字尾
-ery
-ory
-ium
-um
{
bakery:bak - ery,[音:‘be?k?ri],n:面包店,面包厂; {bake:v:烘焙;}
fishery:fish - ery[音:‘f???ri],n:渔场,渔业;
laboratory:laborat - ory,[音:‘læbr?t??ri],n:实验室; {labor:v:劳动;}
conservatory:conservat - ory,[音:k?n‘s??rv?t??ri],n:温室,音乐学院; {conserve:[音:k?n‘s??rv],v:保存,保持,节省,用糖保存;n:蜜饯,果酱;}
aquarium:aquar - ium,[音:?‘kweri?m],n:水族馆,养鱼缸; {aqua:[音:‘ækw?],n:水,浅绿色;}
auditorium:auditor - ium,[音:???d?‘t??ri?m],n:礼堂,演讲厅,观众席; {audit:v:旁听,审计;n:审计,查账;}
gymnasium:gymnas - ium,[音:d??m‘ne?zi?m],n:体院馆,健身房,(复)gymnasia或gymnasiums;
symposium:sympos - ium,[音:s?m‘po?zi?m],n:研讨会,专题论文集,论文集,酒会;
forum:for - um,[音:‘f??r?m],n:(公开)讨论会,法庭,论坛;
museum:muse - um,n:博物馆; {muse:[音:mju?z],v:沉思,冥想;n:沉思,(希神)缪斯,艺术家的创作灵感;}
}
[3.1.8]表示【疾病】的字尾
-ia
{
hysteria:hyster - ia,[音:h?‘st?ri?],n:歇斯歇斯底里症,不正常的兴奋;
pneumonia:pneumon - ia,[音:‘nu?‘mo?ni?],n:肺炎;
}
[3.1.9]表示【集合体】的字尾
-ary
-ery
-ry
{
military:milit - ary,n:(陆军)军人;
vocabulary:vocabul - ary,n:字汇;
machinery:machin - ery,[音:m?‘?i?n?ri],n:机械;
scenery:scen - ery,[音:‘si?n?ri],n:景色,风景,背景,布景;
cavalry:caval - ry,[音:‘kævlri],n:骑兵(队);
laundry:laund - ry,[音:‘l??ndri],n:洗好或待洗的衣服,要洗的衣服,洗衣店,洗衣;
}
[3.1.10]表示【抽象名词】的字尾
-ace
-ad
-ade
-age
-al
-ance
-ancy
-ence
-ency
-cy
-dom
-hood
-ice
-ise
-ing
-ion
-itude
-ity
-ment
-mony
-ness
-or
-ry
-ship
-th
-ty
-ure
-y
{
menace:men - ace,[音:‘men?s],n:威胁,恐吓,<口>讨厌的人(物);v:威胁,威吓;
solace:sol - ace,[音:‘sɑ?l?s],n:慰藉,安慰;v:使快乐,使安慰,使缓和;
Olympiad:Olympi - ad,[音:?‘l?mpiæd],n:奥林匹克运动会的举行,四年周期;
decade:dec - ade,n:十年;
courage:cour - age,[音:‘k??r?d?],n:勇气,胆量;
usage:us - age,[音:‘ju?s?d?],n:用法,使用,惯例,惯用法,利用度,使用度;
approval:approv - al,n:赞成,统一,批准,认可,赞同; {approve:v:批准,赞成,同意,称许;}
refusal:refus - al,[音:r?‘fju?zl],n:拒绝,回绝; {refuse:v:拒绝;n:垃圾,废物;}
importance:import - ance,n:重要性; {important:adj:重要的;}
vacancy:vac - ancy,[音:‘ve?k?nsi],n:空缺,空白,失神; {vacant:[音:‘ve?k?nt],adj:空虚的,空的,木然的;}
innocence:innoc - ence,n:无辜; {innocent:[音:‘?n?snt];adj:清白的,无害的,无辜的,无知的,天真纯洁的;}
fluency:flu - ency,[音:‘flu??nsi],n:流利,流畅; {fluent:adj:流利的,流畅的;}
bankruptcy:bankrupt - cy,[音:‘bæ?kr?ptsi],n:破产; {bankrupt:v:破产;}
democracy:democra - cy,[音:d?‘mɑ?kr?si],n:民主(主义,制度),民主国家; {democrat:[音:‘dem?kræt],n:民主主义者,(复)美国民主党派的成员;}
boredom:bore - dom,[音:‘b??rd?m],n:无聊,厌烦,厌倦,令人厌烦的事物;
freedom:free - dom,n:自由;
childhood:child - hood,n:童年时期;
adulthood:adult - hood,[音:‘?d?lth?d],n:成年时期;
justice:just - ice,n:正义;
prejudice:prejud - ice,n:偏见;
premise:prem - ise,[音:‘prem?s],n:前提;vt:预述,提论,假设;
treatise:treat - ise,[音:‘tri?t?s],n:论文,论述,<废>故事;
aging:ag - ing,n:老化;
blessing:bless - ing。n:祝福;
opinion:opin - ion,n:意见;
vision:vis - ion,n:视觉,憧憬,远见;
attitude:att - itude,n:态度;
gratitude:grat - itude,[音:‘ɡræt?tu?d],n:感激,感谢,感恩;
simplicity:simplic - ity,[音:‘s?m‘pl?s?ti],n:简单,单纯,简朴; {simple:adj:简单;}
stupidity:stupid - ity,[音:stu?‘p?d?ti],n:愚笨,愚蠢的行为; {studpid:n:笨蛋,蠢货;}
movement:move - ment,n:运动,动作;
treatment:treat - ment,n:待遇,治疗;
ceremony:cere - mony,n:仪式,庆典;
testimony:testi - mony,[音:‘test?mo?ni],n:证词,声明,证明,证据;
happiness:hayppi - ness,n:幸福;
likeness:like - ness,n:相似;
humor:hum - or,n:幽默感;
odor:od - or,[音:‘o?d?],n:气味,名气,气息;
artistry:artist - ry,[音:‘ɑ?rt?stri],n:艺术性,艺术才能; {artist:n:艺术家;}
slavery:slave - ry,n:女里制度,奴役,奴隶制,努力身份; {slave:n:奴隶;}
friendship:friend - ship,n:友谊;
relationship:relation - ship,n:关系;
breadth:bread - th,[音:bredθ],n:宽度,胸襟宽大; {broad:adj:宽广的,清楚无误的,明显的,胸怀开阔的,粗俗的;n:<俚>女子;}
width:wid - th,[音:w?dθ],n:宽度; {wide:adj:宽的;}
warmth:warm - th,[音:w??rmθ],n:温暖(的感觉),热烈,热情,热心; {warm:暖的;}
cruelty:cruel - ty,[音:‘kru??lti],n:残酷(的行为),虐待; {cruel:[音:‘kru??l],adj:残酷的,残忍的,引起痛苦的;}
poverty:pver - ty,[音:‘pɑ?v?rti],n:贫穷,贫乏,劣质; {pool:adj:贫穷的;}
departure:depart - ure,n:离开,出境;
pleasure:pleas - uren:愉悦,消遣; {please:v:讨好,取悦,愿意,使满意,使高兴;adv:请(=plz);}
honesty:honest - y,n:城市;
jealousy:jealous - y,[音:‘d?el?si],n:妒忌;
}
[3.2]形容词字尾(Adjective)
-ible
{
acceptable:accept - able,[音:?k‘sept?bl],adj:可接受的,合意的,受欢迎的;
moveable:move - able,adj:可移动的,活动的,(节假日等)每年变化的;n:动产,可以动物体;【备注】:=movable;
edible:ed - ible,[音:‘ed?bl],adj:可食(用)的;n:食品,食物; {eat:v:吃;}
credible:cred - ible,[音:‘kred?bl],adj:可信的,可靠的; {credit:n:信用;}
}
-ian
-ean
-ese
{
American:Americ - an,adj:美国人的,美式的;
Canadian:Canad - ian,adj:加拿大(人)的;
European:Europ - ean,adj:欧洲人的,欧式的;
Chinese:Chin - ese,adj:中国人的,中式的;
}
-ward
{
northern:north - ern,adj:北方的;
southern:south - ern,adj:南方的;
backward:back - ward,adj:反向的,向后的,落后的;adv:向后;
wayward:way - ward,[音:‘we?w?rd],adj:倔强的,难以捉摸的,任性的,刚愎的;
}
[3.2.4]表示【比较级】的字尾
-ior
{
junior:jun - ior,adj:年纪较轻的,资浅的;
senior:sen - ior,adj:年纪较大的,资深的;
inferior:infer - ior,[音:?n‘f?ri?r],(地位)低下的,次等的,较低的,不如的,下级的;n:下级,属下,[印]下标符号;
superior:super - ior,[音:su?‘p?ri?r],(地位)高级的,上等的,高傲的,上层的,上好的,出众的;n:上级,高手,上标;
}
[3.2.5]表示【最高级】的字尾
-most
{
foremost:fore - most,[音:‘f??rmo?st],adj:首要的,第一流的,最重要的,最初的;
innermost:inner - most,[音:‘?n?rmo?st],adj:内心的,最里面的;n:最深处;
utmost:ut - most,[音:‘?tmo?st],adj:最大限度的,极度的;n:极限,最大可能;
}
[3.2.6]表示【否定】的字尾
-less
{
harmless:harm - less,adj:无害的;
odorless:odor - less,[音:‘o?d?rl?s];adj:无气味的,没有气味的,无臭的; {odor:[音:‘o?d?r];n:气味,名声,气息;}
}
[3.2.7]表示【相似】的字尾
-like
{
childlike:child - like,adj:孩子般的,天真的;
ladylike:lady - like,adj:端庄的;如贵妇的,娴熟的,如淑女的,文雅的;
}
[3.2.8]表示【防……】的字尾
-proof
{
bulletproof:bullet - proof,[音:‘b?l?tpru?f],adj:防弹的,枪弹打不穿的;
waterproof:water - proof,adj:防水的;
}
-ant
-ent
-ar
-ary
-ory
-ate
-ed
-en
-fold
-ful
-ic
-ical
-id
-ile
-ine
-ing
-ique
-esque
-ish
-ite
-ive
-ative
-ly
-oid
-ous
-some
-y
{
legal:leg - al,adj:有关法律的,合法的;
mortal:mort - al,adj:致命的,凡人的,会死的,终有一死的,不共戴天的,极度的;n:凡人; {mort:[音:m??t],n:猎物死亡的信号,很多,多数;}
brilliant:brilli - ant,adj:出色的,色彩鲜艳的;
important:import - ant,adj:重要的;
diligent:dilig - ent,[音:‘d?l?d??nt],adj:勉强的,不松懈的,勤奋的,用功的;
fluent:flu - ent,adj:流畅的;
circular:circul - ar,[音:‘s??rkj?l?r],adj:圆形的,循环的;n:传单,通报;
similar:simil - ar,[音:‘s?m?l?r],adj:相似的;
imaginary:imagin - ary,[音:?‘mæd??neri],adj:想像的,虚构的;
ordinary:ordin - ary,adj:普通的,平凡的,平淡的;
compulsory:compuls - ory,[音:k?m‘p?ls?ri],adj:强制的,势在必行的,义务的;
fortunate:fortun - ate,adj:幸运的;
passionate:passion - ate,adj:热情的,(易)表现强烈感情的;
gifted:gift - ed,adj:有天分的;
talented:talent - ed,adj:有才能的;
golden:gold - en,adj:金色的;
wooden:wood - en,adj:木制的;
manifold:mani - fold,[音:‘mæn?fo?ld],adj:多样的,多种的,多方面的;n:多种,复印本,多支管;v:复写,繁殖,增多;
twofold:two - fold,[音:‘tu?fo?ld],adj:两倍的,双重的;
rightful:right - ful,adj:正当的,合法的;
shameful:shame - ful,adj:可耻的;
arctic:arct - ic,[音:‘ɑ?rkt?k],adj:北极的,极寒的;n:北极圈,北极;
epidemic:epidem - ic,adj:流行性(疾病)的;
physical:phys - ical,adj:身体的,肉体的;
magical:mag - ical,adj:有魔力的;
stupid:stup - id,adj:愚笨的;
vivid:vivi - id,adj:鲜活的;
juvenile:juven - ile,[音:‘d?u?v?nl],adj:年轻的,青少年的,幼稚的;n:青少年,强少年读物,幼稚,扮演少年的演员;【备注】:juvenile:9~12岁,teenager:13~19岁,young adult:20~30岁,yongster:<18;youth:13~30;
senile:sen - ile,[音:‘si?na?l],adj:年老的,衰老的,年老所致的;
feminine:femin - ine,[音:‘fem?n?n],adj:女性的,[语]阴性的;
genuine:genu - ine,[音:‘d?enju?n],adj:纯正的,真正的,地道的,真诚的,真实的;
charming:charm - ing,adj:迷人的,有魅力的;
promising:promis - ing,[音:‘prɑ?m?s??],adj:有希望的,有前途的;
antique:ant - ique,[音:æn‘ti?k],adj:adj:古老的,古董的,古代的,过时的;n:古董,古物;
unique:un - ique,adj:唯一的,独特的;
grotesque:grot - esque,[音:ɡro?‘tesk],adj:怪异的,可笑的,奇形怪状的,奇怪的,怪诞的,可笑的;n:怪异风格,怪异图案;
picturesque:pictur - esque,[音:?p?kt??‘resk],adj:如画的,生动的,奇特的;
reddish:redd - ish,[音:‘red??],adj:带有红色的,略带红色的,微红的;【备注】:所有颜色皆可以加此词尾变成形容词;
childish:child - ish,adj:幼稚的;
favorite:favor - ite,adj:最爱的;
opposite:opps - ite,adj:相反的,对立的;
active:act - ive,adj:活跃的,进行中的;
sportive:sport - ive,[音:‘sp??t?v],adj:爱玩闹的,爱玩的,爱好运动的;
relative:rel - ative,adj:相关的,相对的,相比较的;n:亲戚,[语]关系词;
talkative:talk - ative,[音:‘t??k?t?v],adj:爱说话的,喜欢说话的,健谈的,多嘴的;
friendly:friend - ly,adj:友善的;
homely:home - ly,adj:家常的,相貌平平的;
devoid:dev - oid,[音:d?‘v??d],adj:缺乏的,全无的;
humanoid:human - oid,[音:‘hju?m?n??d],adj:像人的;n:类人动物,人形机,(科幻小说中的)星球人;
famous:fam - ous,adj:著名的;
righteous:righte - ous,[音:‘ra?t??s],adj:正直的,正当的,公正的,公义的,当然的;
handsome:hand - some,adj:(男子)英俊的,(女子)标致的,(量)可观的;
troublesome:trouble - some,adj:麻烦的;
bloody:blood - y,adj:血淋淋的,残忍的;
icy:ic - y,adj:冰冷的; {ice:n:冰;}
}
[3.3]副词字尾
[3.3.1]表示【状态】的字尾
-fold
-ly
-s
{
twofold:two - fold,adv:两倍地;
threefold:three - fold,adv:三倍地;
barely:bare - ly,adv:几乎不,勉强;
shortly:short - ly,adv:即刻,很快;
besides:beside - s,adv:除此之外;
sometimes:sometime - s,adv:有时候;
}
[3.3.2]表示【方式】的字尾
-way
-ways
-wise
{
always:al - ways,adv:总是,一直;
sideway(s):side - way(s),adv:斜向一边,斜斜地;
likewise:like - wise,adv:同样地;
otherwise:other - wise,adv:除此之外,否则;
}
[3.3.3]表示【方向】的字尾
-ward
-wards
{
afterward(s):after - ward(s),adv:之后;
backward(s):back - ward(s),adv:往回,倒;
}
[3.4]动词字尾
[3.4.1]表示【做、造成、使……】的字尾
-ate
-en
-fy
-ish
-ize
-yze
{
congratulate:congratul - ate,v:恭喜;
originate:origin - ate,v:起因,发明;
strengthen:strength - en,[音:stre?θn],v:加强,变坚固;
weaken:weak - en,v:减弱;
dignify:digni - fy,[音:‘d?ɡn?fa?],v:使有尊严,使高贵,使增辉,抬高……的身价,将……美其名为; {dignity:n:尊严,高贵,端庄;}
simplify:simpli - fy,[音:‘s?mpl?fa?],vt:简化,使简单; {simplicity:n:简单;}
impoverish:impover - ish,[音:?m‘pɑ?v?r??],vt:时贫困,使贫瘠,使枯竭;
publish:publ - ish,v:出版,刊登,刊出;
customize:custom - ize,v:定做;
specialize:special - ize,v:专门化;
analyze:anal - yze,v:分析;
paralyze:paral - yze,[音:‘pær??la?z],vt:使瘫痪,使目瞪口呆,=(英)paralyse;
}
[3.4.2]表示【正在进行】的字尾
-esce
{
convalesce:conval - esce,[音:?k?nv?‘les],v:逐渐恢复,渐渐康复,渐愈;
evanesce:evan - esce,[音:?ev?‘nes],vi:逐渐看不见,消散;
}
[3.4.3]表示【反复】的字尾
-er
-le
{
flicker:flick - er,[音:‘fl?k?r],v:(灯光、焰火)摇曳,闪烁,闪光,颤动;n:闪烁,闪光,颤动;
mutter:mutt - er,[音:‘m?t?r],v:嘀咕,念念有词,咕哝,抱怨,低语;n:嘟哝,抱怨,低语;
stutter:stutt - er,[音:‘st?t?r],v:口吃,结巴着说话;n:口吃,说话结巴;
scribble:scribb - le,[音:‘skr?bl],v:潦潦草草写,涂鸦,潦草的书写,乱写;n:潦草的写法;
trickle:trick - le,[音:‘tr?kl],vi:涓涓细流,滴流,慢慢移动;n:细流,徐徐的流;
twinkle:twink - le,[音:‘tw??kl];v:(光)闪烁,闪耀,闪烁,眨眼,轻快移动;vt:使闪烁;n:闪烁,闪耀,眨眼,瞬息;
}
【字源大挪移—读书笔记】 第三部分:字尾
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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/cs_net/p/4498878.html