一、keepalived介绍及搭建环境说明
1、The keepalived The keepalived server implements the vrrpd routing demon which enables
routing failover for a pair (or set) of routers (or LVS directors) and the keepalived
demon which sets up and does the health checking of virtual services in a Linux Virtual Servier.
keepalived使用的vrrp协议方式，虚拟路由冗余协议 (Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol，简称VRRP)
2、官网
http://www.keepalived.org/
3、master/slave ip和版本和虚拟ip
1)master ip
10.1.10.117
2)master version
cat /etc/debian_version
7.8
3)slave ip
10.1.10.250
4)slave version
cat /etc/debian_version
5.0.1
5)virtual ip
10.1.10.240
二、debian下安装和配置keepalived
1、先查询下
apt-cache search keepalived
keepalived - Failover and monitoring daemon for LVS clusters
2、apt方式安装keepalived服务
apt-get -y install keepalived --force-yes
3、配置
1、apt方式安装后发现/etc/keepalived下是没有配置文件的
可以从/usr/share/doc/keepalived/samples复制样本配置文件
ll /usr/share/doc/keepalived/samples/keepalived.conf.sample
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 919 Sep 28 2009 /usr/share/doc/keepalived/samples/keepalived.conf.sample
4、查看模板配置
cat /usr/share/doc/keepalived/samples/keepalived.conf.sample
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
acassen
}
notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
smtp_server 192.168.200.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 50
nopreempt
priority 100
advert_int 1
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.200.11
192.168.200.12
192.168.200.13
}
}
virtual_server 10.10.10.2 1358 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo rr
lb_kind NAT
persistence_timeout 50
protocol TCP
sorry_server 192.168.200.200 1358
real_server 192.168.200.2 1358 {
weight 1
HTTP_GET {
url {
path /testurl3/test.jsp
digest 640205b7b0fc66c1ea91c463fac6334d
}
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
}
5、复制模板配置到/etc/keepalived/
cp /usr/share/doc/keepalived/samples/keepalived.conf.sample /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
6、修改master/slave配置
1)master
cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
global_defs
{
router_id aaa
}
vrrp_instance VI_1
{
state MASTER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 90
nopreempt
priority 100
advert_int 1
virtual_ipaddress
{
10.1.10.240/24
}
}
2)slave
cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
global_defs
{
router_id bbb
}
vrrp_instance VI_1
{
state BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 90
priority 99
advert_int 1
virtual_ipaddress
{
10.1.10.240/24
}
}
7、配置说明
state #MASTER是主服务器，BACKUP是备服务器。
virtual_ipaddress #设置虚拟IP地址，也叫漂移IP地址。
priority #值越大优先级越高，主的值在设置上大于备的值
nopreempt #不抢占
virtual_router_id #取值范围是1-255(must be between 1 & 255)
advert_int #MASTER和BACKUP之间同步检查的时间间隔(s)
8、自定义日志存放地方(不定义的话默认是在/var/log/messages)
1)cat /etc/rsyslog.conf(增加在最后)
local0.* /var/log/keepalived
2)生效的话需要重启下rsyslog服务
/etc/init.d/rsyslog restart
[ ok ] Stopping enhanced syslogd: rsyslogd.
[ ok ] Starting enhanced syslogd: rsyslogd.
3)查看
ll /var/log/keepalived
-rw-r----- 1 root adm 0 May 24 09:14 /var/log/keepalived
9、启动服务
keepalived -d -D -S 0 -f /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
10、查看进程
ps aux |grep keepalived |grep -v grep
root 2234 0.0 0.0 16408 728 ? Ss 09:16 0:00 keepalived -d -D -S 0 -f /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
root 2235 0.0 0.1 24824 1796 ? S 09:16 0:00 keepalived -d -D -S 0 -f /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
root 2236 0.2 0.1 24824 1188 ? S 09:16 0:00 keepalived -d -D -S 0 -f /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
11、查看启动日志(master/slave)
1)cat /var/log/keepalived(master这里只截取部分日志信息)
May 25 01:50:10 debian Keepalived: Starting Keepalived v1.2.2 (12/18,2011)
May 25 01:50:10 debian Keepalived: Starting Healthcheck child process, pid=3323
May 25 01:50:10 debian Keepalived: Starting VRRP child process, pid=3324
May 25 01:50:10 debian Keepalived_vrrp: Netlink reflector reports IP 10.1.10.117 added
May 25 01:50:11 debian Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE
May 25 01:50:12 debian Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE
May 25 01:50:12 debian Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 10.1.10.240
May 25 01:50:12 debian Keepalived_healthcheckers: Netlink reflector reports IP 10.1.10.240 added
2)cat /var/log/keepalived(slave这里只截取部分日志信息)
May 25 01:54:01 debian Keepalived:Starting Keepalived v1.1.15 (12/20,2007)
May 25 01:54:01 debian Keepalived_healthcheckers: Using MII-BMSR NIC polling thread...
May 25 01:54:01 debian Keepalived_healthcheckers: Netlink reflector reports IP 10.1.10.250 added
May 25 01:54:01 debian Keepalived_vrrp: 10.1.10.240/24 brd 10.1.10.240 dev eth0 scope global
May 25 01:54:01 debian Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE
May 25 01:54:01 debian Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP sockpool: [ifindex(2), proto(112), fd(8,9)]
12、使用ip命令查看(master)
1) eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:c8:87:a1 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.1.10.117/24 brd 10.1.10.255 scope global eth0
inet 10.1.10.240/24 scope global secondary eth0
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fec8:87a1/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
13、启动参数说明
--use-file, -f keepalived.conf_file Use the specified configuration file.
--dump-conf, -d Dump the configuration data.
--log-detail, -D Detailed log messages (the default with the rc script provided).
--log-facility, -S 0-7 Set syslog facility to LOG_LOCAL[0-7] (default=LOG_DAEMON)
14、设置开机启动
1）查看当前运行级别
runlevel
N 2
2）安装时已经自动加入了
ll /etc/rc2.d/ |grep keepalived
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 2015-05-22 05:06 S20keepalived -> ../init.d/keepalived
三、测试
1）在master上执行/etc/init.d/keepalived stop可以看到日志
May 25 02:11:22 debian Keepalived: Terminating on signal
May 25 02:11:22 debian Keepalived: Stopping Keepalived v1.2.2 (12/18,2011)
May 25 02:11:22 debian Keepalived_vrrp: Terminating VRRP child process on signal
May 25 02:11:22 debian Keepalived_healthcheckers: Terminating Healthchecker child process on signal
May 25 02:11:22 debian Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) removing protocol VIPs.
执行ip命令查看
lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:c8:87:a1 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.1.10.117/24 brd 10.1.10.255 scope global eth0
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fec8:87a1/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2）在slave上查看日志
May 25 02:11:25 debian Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE
May 25 02:11:26 debian Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE
May 25 02:11:26 debian Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs.
May 25 02:11:26 debian Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 0.0.0.0
May 25 02:11:26 debian Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 10.1.10.240
May 25 02:11:26 debian Keepalived_vrrp: Netlink: skipping nl_cmd msg...
May 25 02:11:26 debian Keepalived_healthcheckers: Netlink reflector reports IP 10.1.10.240 added
May 25 02:11:31 debian Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 0.0.0.0
May 25 02:11:31 debian Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 10.1.10.240
执行ip命令查看
lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:8c:61:6e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.1.10.250/24 brd 10.1.10.255 scope global eth0
inet 10.1.10.240/24 scope global secondary eth0
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe8c:616e/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever本文出自 “7928217” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://7938217.blog.51cto.com/7928217/1654949
原文地址：http://7938217.blog.51cto.com/7928217/1654949
