Cobbler由python语言开发，是对PXE和Kickstart以及DHCP的封装。融合很多特性，提供了CLI和Web的管理形式。更加方便的实行网络安装，。同时，Cobbler也提供了API接口，使用其它语言也很容易做扩展。它不紧可以安装物理机，同时也支持kvm、xen虚拟化、Guest OS的安装。更多的是它还能结合Puppet等集中化管理软件，实现自动化的管理。
Cobbler 提供以下服务集成：
* PXE 服务支持
* DHCP 服务管理
* DNS 服务管理
* 电源管理
* Kickstart 服务支持
* yum 仓库管理
Cobbler 的配置结构基于一组注册的对象。每个对象表示一个与另一个实体相关联的实体（该对象指向另一个对象，或者另一个对象指向该对象）。当一个对象指向另一个对象时，它就继承了被指向对象的数据，并可覆盖或添加更多特定信息。以下对象类型的定义为：
发行版：表示一个操作系统。它承载了内核和 initrd 的信息，以及内核参数等其他数据。
配置文件：包含一个发行版、一个 kickstart 文件以及可能的存储库，还包含更多特定的内核参数等其他数据。
系统：表示要配给的机器。它包含一个配置文件或一个镜像，还包含 IP 和 MAC 地址、电源管理（地址、凭据、类型）以及更为专业的数据等信息。
存储库：保存一个 yum 或 rsync 存储库的镜像信息。
镜像：可替换一个包含不属于此类别的文件的发行版对象（例如，无法分为内核和 initrd 的对象）。
基于注册的对象以及各个对象之间的关联，Cobbler知道如何更改文件系统以反映具体配置。因为系统配置的内部是抽象的，所以您可以仅关注想要执行的操作。下面是Cobbler各对象之间的关系图，
Server端：
· 第一步，启动Cobbler服务
· 第二步，进行Cobbler错误检查，执行cobbler check命令
· 第三步，进行配置同步，执行cobbler sync命令
· 第四步，复制相关启动文件文件到TFTP目录中
· 第五步，启动DHCP服务，提供地址分配
· 第六步，DHCP服务分配IP地址
· 第七步，TFTP传输启动文件
· 第八步，Server端接收安装信息
· 第九步，Server端发送ISO镜像与Kickstart文件
Client端：
· 第一步，客户端以PXE模式启动
· 第二步，客户端获取IP地址
· 第三步，通过TFTP服务器获取启动文件
· 第四步，进入Cobbler安装选择界面
· 第五步，客户端确定加载信息
· 第六步，根据配置信息准备安装系统
· 第七步，加载Kickstart文件
· 第八步，传输系统安装的其它文件
· 第九步，进行安装系统
[root@Cobbler~]# rpm -ivh http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm Retrievinghttp://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm warning:/var/tmp/rpm-tmp.PiRbIQ: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 0608b895: NOKEY Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:epel-release ########################################### [100%]
[root@Cobbler~]# service iptables stop [root@Cobbler~]# chkconfig iptables off [root@Cobbler~]# service iptables status iptables: Firewall is notrunning. [root@Cobbler~]# chkconfig --list | grep iptables iptables 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off [root@Cobbler~]# getenforce Disabled 补充：禁用selinux的方法： setenfore 0 临时禁用 sed -i ‘/SELINUX=/d‘/etc/selinux/config && echo"SELINUX=disabled">> /etc/selinux/config 永久禁用，重启生效
[root@Cobbler~]# yum -y install httpd rsync tftp-server xinetd dhcp cman pykickstart debmirror [root@Cobbler~]# yum -y install cobbler cobbler-web 过程中可能会报错： [root@Cobbler ~]# yum -y installhttpd rsync tftp-server xinetd dhcp cmanpykickstart debmirror Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds fromcached hostfile Error: Cannot retrieve metalinkfor repository: epel. Please verify its path and try again 解决：把epel.repo中的mirrorlist注释掉，并启用baseurl [root@Cobbler~]# egrep "baseurl|mirrorlist" /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo #baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/$basearch mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-6&arch=$basearch #baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/$basearch/debug mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-debug-6&arch=$basearch #baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/SRPMS mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-source-6&arch=$basearch [root@Cobbler~]#sed -i‘s/#baseurl/baseurl/g‘ /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo [root@Cobbler~]#sed -i ‘‘s/mirrorlist/#mirrorlist/g/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo [root@Cobbler~]# egrep "baseurl|mirrorlist" /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/$basearch #mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-6&arch=$basearch baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/$basearch/debug #mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-debug-6&arch=$basearch baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/SRPMS #mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-source-6&arch=$basearch
[root@Cobbler~]# cobbler check The following are potentialconfiguration items that you may want to fix: 1 : The ‘server‘ field in/etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than localhost, orkickstarting features will not work. This should be a resolvable hostname or IP for the boot server asreachable by all machines that will use it. 2 : For PXE to be functional,the ‘next_server‘ field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something otherthan 127.0.0.1, and should match the IP of the boot server on the PXE network. 3 : some network boot-loadersare missing from /var/lib/cobbler/loaders, you may run ‘cobbler get-loaders‘ todownload them, or, if you only want to handle x86/x86_64 netbooting, you mayensure that you have installed a *recent* version of the syslinux packageinstalled and can ignore this message entirely. Files in this directory, should you want to support all architectures,should include pxelinux.0, menu.c32, elilo.efi, and yaboot. The ‘cobblerget-loaders‘ command is the easiest way to resolve these requirements. 4 : change ‘disable‘ to ‘no‘in /etc/xinetd.d/rsync 5 : comment out ‘dists‘ on/etc/debmirror.conf for proper debian support 6 : comment out ‘arches‘ on/etc/debmirror.conf for proper debian support 7 : The default password usedby the sample templates for newly installed machines (default_password_cryptedin /etc/cobbler/settings) is still set to ‘cobbler‘ and should be changed, try:"openssl passwd -1 -salt ‘random-phrase-here‘ ‘your-password-here‘"to generate new one Restart cobblerd and then run‘cobbler sync‘ to apply changes. 解决办法： 1：在settings里面设置server 的IP 2：在settings里面设置next_server的IP 3：如果当前节点可以访问互联网，执行“cobblerget-loader”命令下载pxelinux.0,menu.c32,elilo.efi, 或yaboot文件，否则，需要安装syslinux程序包，而后复制/usr/share/syslinux/中的pxelinux.0,menu.c32等文件至/var/lib/cobbler/loaders目录中 4：把/etc/xinetd.d/rsync中的disable的值改为no 5: 注释/etc/dedmirror.conf文件中的“@dists="sid";”一行 6: 注释/etc/dedmirror.conf文件中的“@arches="i386";”一行 7: 执行“openssl passwd -1 -salt$(openssl rand -hex 4)”生成密码，并用其替换/etc/cobbler/settings文件中default_password_crypted参数
下面开始在配置过程中解决上面的报错
[root@Cobbler~]# sed -i -e ‘s/= yes/= no/g‘ /etc/xinetd.d/rsync [root@Cobbler~]# sed -i ‘/disable/c\\tdisable\t\t\t= no‘ /etc/xinetd.d/tftp [root@Cobbler~]# grep "disable" /etc/xinetd.d/rsync /etc/xinetd.d/tftp /etc/xinetd.d/rsync: disable = no /etc/xinetd.d/tftp: disable = no
[root@Cobbler~]# sed -i "s/manage_dhcp: 0/manage_dhcp: 1/g" /etc/cobbler/settings [root@Cobbler~]# sed -i "s/manage_rsync: 0/manage_rsync: 1/g" /etc/cobbler/settings [root@Cobbler ~]# sed -i"s/next_server: 127.0.0.1/next_server: 192.168.255.10/g"/etc/cobbler/settings [root@Cobbler~]# sed -i "s/server:127.0.0.1/server: 192.168.255.10/g" /etc/cobbler/settings [root@Cobbler~]# egrep "manage_dhcp|manage_rsync|server:|next_server"/etc/cobbler/settings manage_dhcp:1 #启用cobbler对dhcp的管理 manage_rsync:1 #启用cobbler对rsync的管理 next_server:192.168.255.10 #指定next_server的地址 server:192.168.255.10 #指定cobbler的服务器的ip
[root@Cobbler~]# sed -i "s/@dists/#@dists/g" /etc/debmirror.conf [root@Cobbler~]# sed -i "s/@arches/#@arches/g" /etc/debmirror.conf [root@Cobbler~]# egrep "@dists|@arches" /etc/debmirror.conf #@dists="sid"; #@arches="i386";
subnet192.168.255.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
option routers 192.168.255.10;
option domain-name-servers 192.168.255.10;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
range dynamic-bootp 192.168.255.100 192.168.255.254;
default-lease-time 21600;
max-lease-time 43200;
next-server $next_server;[root@Cobbler~]# openssl passwd -1 -salt ‘cobbler‘"123.com" $1$cobbler$rK3/2t1JZHrwohtqCqcmg. [root@Cobbler ~]# sed -i‘/default_password_crypted/c\default_password_crypted:\"$1$cobbler$rK3/2t1JZHrwohtqCqcmg.\"‘ /etc/cobbler/settings [root@Cobbler~]# grep "default_password_crypted" /etc/cobbler/settings default_password_crypted:"$1$cobbler$rK3/2t1JZHrwohtqCqcmg."
[root@Cobbler~]# /etc/init.d/httpd start Startinghttpd: httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failed for Cobbler httpd:Could not reliably determine the server‘s fully qualified domain name, using127.0.0.1 for ServerName [ OK ] [root@Cobbler~]# /etc/init.d/xinetd start Startingxinetd: [ OK ] [root@Cobbler~]# /etc/init.d/cobblerd start Startingcobbler daemon: [ OK ] [root@Cobbler~]# /sbin/chkconfig httpd on [root@Cobbler~]# /sbin/chkconfig dhcpd on [root@Cobbler~]# /sbin/chkconfig xinetd on [root@Cobbler~]# /sbin/chkconfig cobblerd on [root@Cobbler~]# service dhcpd start Startingdhcpd: [FAILED] dhcp启动失败，原因是没有同步cobbler的配置，现在cobbler还没接管dhcp，执行cobblerrsync之后就可以
[root@Cobbler~]# cobbler get-loaders task started:2015-06-01_170259_get_loaders task started (id=DownloadBootloader Content, time=Mon Jun 117:02:59 2015) path/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/README already exists, not overwriting existingcontent, use --force if you wish to update path/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.elilo already exists, not overwriting existingcontent, use --force if you wish to update path/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.yaboot already exists, not overwritingexisting content, use --force if you wish to update path/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.syslinux already exists, not overwritingexisting content, use --force if you wish to update path/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/elilo-ia64.efi already exists, not overwritingexisting content, use --force if you wish to update path/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/yaboot already exists, not overwriting existingcontent, use --force if you wish to update path/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0 already exists, not overwriting existingcontent, use --force if you wish to update path/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu.c32 already exists, not overwriting existingcontent, use --force if you wish to update path/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi already exists, not overwriting existingcontent, use --force if you wish to update path/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi already exists, not overwritingexisting content, use --force if you wish to update *** TASK COMPLETE ***
[root@Cobbler~]# service cobblerd restart Stoppingcobbler daemon: [ OK ] Startingcobbler daemon: [ OK ] [root@Cobbler~]# cobbler sync taskstarted: 2015-06-01_170502_sync taskstarted (id=Sync, time=Mon Jun 117:05:02 2015) runningpre-sync triggers cleaningtrees removing:/var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images copyingbootloaders tryinghardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.0 tryinghardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu.c32 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/menu.c32 tryinghardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/yaboot -> /var/lib/tftpboot/yaboot tryinghardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi ->/var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi tryinghardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi ->/var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi copyingdistros to tftpboot copyingimages generatingPXE configuration files generatingPXE menu structure renderingDHCP files generating/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf renderingTFTPD files generating/etc/xinetd.d/tftp cleaninglink caches renderingRsync files runningpost-sync triggers runningpython triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/* runningpython trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services running:dhcpd -t -q receivedon stdout: receivedon stderr: running:service dhcpd restart receivedon stdout: Starting dhcpd: [ OK ] receivedon stderr: runningshell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/* runningpython triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/* runningpython trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track runningshell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/* ***TASK COMPLETE *** 同步完成没报错之后，现在重新启动dhcp，发现可以正常启动了 [root@Cobbler~]# service dhcpd restart Shuttingdown dhcpd: [ OK ] Startingdhcpd: [ OK ] 最后执行cobblercheck重新检查一下，没有报错 [root@Cobbler~]# cobbler check Noconfiguration problems found. Allsystems go. 此时cobbler已经安装配置完成，下面开始进行导入镜像等管理操作
cobblercheck #检查cobbler配置
cobbler sync #同步配置到dhcp/pxe和数据目录
cobbler list #列出所有的cobbler元素
cobbler import #导入安装的系统镜像
cobbler report #列出各元素的详细信息
cobbler distro #查看导入的发行版系统信息
cobbler profile #查看配置信息
cobbler system #查看添加的系统信息
cobbler reposync #同步yum仓库到本地
每个命令如果不熟悉参数可以使用 --help来帮助 如：
[root@Cobbler ~]# cobbler--help
usage
=====
cobbler<distro|profile|system|repo|image|mgmtclass|package|file> ...
[add|edit|copy|getks*|list|remove|rename|report] [options|--help]
cobbler <aclsetup|buildiso|import|list|replicate|report|reposync|sync|validateks|version|signature|get-loaders|hardlink>[options|--help]
[root@Cobbler ~]# cobblerimport --help
Usage: cobbler [options]
Options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--arch=ARCH OS architecture being imported
--breed=BREED the breed being imported
--os-version=OS_VERSION
the version beingimported
--path=PATH local path or rsync location
--name=NAME name, ex ‘RHEL-5‘
--available-as=AVAILABLE_AS
tree is here, don‘tmirror
--kickstart=KICKSTART_FILE
assign this kickstartfile
--rsync-flags=RSYNC_FLAGS
pass additional flagsto rsync
查看帮助信息
[root@Cobbler~]# cobbler import --help
Usage:cobbler [options]
Options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--arch=ARCH OS architecture being imported
--breed=BREED the breed being imported
--os-version=OS_VERSION the version being imported
--path=PATH local path or rsync location
--name=NAME name, ex ‘RHEL-5‘
--available-as=AVAILABLE_AS tree is here, don‘t mirror
--kickstart=KICKSTART_FILE assign this kickstart file
--rsync-flags=RSYNC_FLAGS pass additional flags to rsync
现在开始导入:
挂载镜像文件到/media下
[root@Cobbler~]# mount /dev/cdrom /media/ mount:block device /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
导入镜像
[root@Cobbler~]# cobbler import --path=/media --name=CentOS6.4 --arch=x86_64 taskstarted: 2015-06-01_172716_import taskstarted (id=Media import, time=Mon Jun 117:27:16 2015) Founda candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6 Founda matching signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6 Addingdistros from path /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS6.4-x86_64: creatingnew distro: CentOS6.4-x86_64 tryingsymlink: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS6.4-x86_64 ->/var/www/cobbler/links/CentOS6.4-x86_64 creatingnew profile: CentOS6.4-x86_64 associatingrepos checkingfor rsync repo(s) checkingfor rhn repo(s) checkingfor yum repo(s) startingdescent into /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS6.4-x86_64 for CentOS6.4-x86_64 processingrepo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS6.4-x86_64 need toprocess repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS6.4-x86_64 lookingfor /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS6.4-x86_64/repodata/*comps*.xml Keepingrepodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS6.4-x86_64/repodata ***TASK COMPLETE ***
查看导入的镜像：
[root@Cobbler~]# cobbler distro list CentOS6.4-x86_64 [root@Cobbler~]# cobbler list distros: CentOS6.4-x86_64 profiles: CentOS6.4-x86_64 systems: repos: images: mgmtclasses: packages: files:
Kickstart的模版文件在/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts中，在导入镜像的时候不指定kickstart文件，就会使用默认的模版文件，现在我们拷贝 一份，进行自定义修改
[root@Cobbler~]# cd /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts [root@Cobblerkickstarts]# cp sample.ks centos6.4x86_64.cfg [root@Cobbler kickstarts]# cobbler profile edit --name=CentOS6.4-x86_64--kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos6.4x86_64.cfg
默认的kickstart文件sampl.ks注释：
#platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T # System authorization information auth --useshadow --enablemd5 #用户登录认证 # System bootloader configuration bootloader --location=mbr #mbr引导 # Partition clearing information clearpart --all --initlabel#默认清除所以分区 # Use text mode install text #默认以文本模式安装 # Firewall configuration firewall --enabled #防火墙默认开启 # Run the Setup Agent on first boot firstboot --disable #禁用启动代理 # System keyboard keyboard us #默认英文键盘 # System language lang en_US #默认语言英文 # Use network installation url --url=$tree #网络安装路径 # If any cobbler repo definitions were referenced in thekickstart profile, include them here. $yum_repo_stanza #默认的yum仓库 # Network information $SNIPPET(‘network_config‘) # Reboot after installation reboot #安装完成后重启 #Root password rootpw --iscrypted $default_password_crypted #密码是我们/etc/cobbler/settings设置密码 # SELinux configuration selinux --disabled #默认关闭selinux # Do not configure the X Window System skipx #默认没有安装图形界面 # System timezone timezone America/New_York #默认时区是美国/纽约 # Install OS instead of upgrade install #定义的是安装系统而不是升级系统 # Clear the Master Boot Record zerombr #默认清空所有的mbr # Allow anaconda to partition the system as needed autopart #默认自动分区 #下面就是Cobbler自定执行的一些脚本，我就不解释了。 %pre $SNIPPET(‘log_ks_pre‘) $SNIPPET(‘kickstart_start‘) $SNIPPET(‘pre_install_network_config‘) # Enable installation monitoring $SNIPPET(‘pre_anamon‘) %packages $SNIPPET(‘func_install_if_enabled‘) $SNIPPET(‘puppet_install_if_enabled‘) %post $SNIPPET(‘log_ks_post‘) # Start yum configuration $yum_config_stanza # End yum configuration $SNIPPET(‘post_install_kernel_options‘) $SNIPPET(‘post_install_network_config‘) $SNIPPET(‘func_register_if_enabled‘) $SNIPPET(‘puppet_register_if_enabled‘) $SNIPPET(‘download_config_files‘) $SNIPPET(‘koan_environment‘) $SNIPPET(‘redhat_register‘) $SNIPPET(‘cobbler_register‘) # Enable post-install boot notification $SNIPPET(‘post_anamon‘) # Start final steps $SNIPPET(‘kickstart_done‘) # End final steps
自定义的centos6.4x86_64.cfg文件
auth --useshadow --enablemd5 bootloader--location=mbr clearpart--all --initlabel text firewall--enabled firstboot--disable keyboardus langen_US url--url=$tree $yum_repo_stanza $SNIPPET(‘network_config‘) reboot rootpw--iscrypted $default_password_crypted selinux--disabled skipx timezone Asia/Shanghai install zerombr autopart part/boot --fstype="ext4" --size=200 partswap --fstype="swap" --size=4096 part /--fstype="ext4" --grow --size=1 %pre $SNIPPET(‘log_ks_pre‘) $SNIPPET(‘kickstart_start‘) $SNIPPET(‘pre_install_network_config‘) $SNIPPET(‘pre_anamon‘) %packages $SNIPPET(‘func_install_if_enabled‘) $SNIPPET(‘puppet_install_if_enabled‘) @base @chinese-support @development @system-admin-tools %post--nochroot $SNIPPET(‘log_ks_post_nochroot‘) %end %post $SNIPPET(‘log_ks_post‘) $yum_config_stanza $SNIPPET(‘post_install_kernel_options‘) $SNIPPET(‘post_install_network_config‘) $SNIPPET(‘func_register_if_enabled‘) $SNIPPET(‘puppet_register_if_enabled‘) $SNIPPET(‘download_config_files‘) $SNIPPET(‘koan_environment‘) $SNIPPET(‘redhat_register‘) $SNIPPET(‘cobbler_register‘) $SNIPPET(‘post_anamon‘) $SNIPPET(‘kickstart_done‘)
[root@Cobbler~]# service cobblerd restart Stoppingcobbler daemon: [ OK ] Startingcobbler daemon: [ OK ] [root@Cobbler~]# cobbler check Noconfiguration problems found. All systemsgo. [root@Cobbler~]# cobbler sync taskstarted: 2015-06-01_175813_sync taskstarted (id=Sync, time=Mon Jun 117:58:13 2015) runningpre-sync triggers cleaningtrees removing:/var/www/cobbler/images/CentOS6.4-x86_64 removing:/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default removing:/var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi removing:/var/lib/tftpboot/grub/efidefault removing:/var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images removing:/var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi removing:/var/lib/tftpboot/images/CentOS6.4-x86_64 removing:/var/lib/tftpboot/s390x/profile_list copyingbootloaders tryinghardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi ->/var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi tryinghardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi ->/var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi copyingdistros to tftpboot copyingfiles for distro: CentOS6.4-x86_64 tryinghardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS6.4-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz-> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/CentOS6.4-x86_64/vmlinuz tryinghardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS6.4-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img-> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/CentOS6.4-x86_64/initrd.img copyingimages generatingPXE configuration files generatingPXE menu structure copyingfiles for distro: CentOS6.4-x86_64 tryinghardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS6.4-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz-> /var/www/cobbler/images/CentOS6.4-x86_64/vmlinuz tryinghardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS6.4-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img-> /var/www/cobbler/images/CentOS6.4-x86_64/initrd.img Writingtemplate files for CentOS6.4-x86_64 renderingDHCP files generating/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf renderingTFTPD files generating/etc/xinetd.d/tftp processingboot_files for distro: CentOS6.4-x86_64 cleaninglink caches renderingRsync files runningpost-sync triggers runningpython triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/* runningpython trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services running:dhcpd -t -q receivedon stdout: receivedon stderr: running:service dhcpd restart receivedon stdout: Shutting down dhcpd: [ OK ] Startingdhcpd: [ OK ] receivedon stderr: runningshell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/* runningpython triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/* runningpython trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track runningshell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/* ***TASK COMPLETE ***
下面客户机就可以开机从网卡启动进行装系统了。
1.生成hash密码
支持两种不同类型的密码： sha1passmypassword 或 opensslpasswd -1 -salt sXiKzkus mypassword 我这里选择后者 [root@Cobblercobbler]# openssl passwd -1 -salt cobbler cobbler $1$cobbler$M6SE55xZodWc9.vAKLJs6.
2.编辑配置文件pxedefault.template，添加如下红色部分
[root@Cobblercobbler]# vim /etc/cobbler/pxe/pxedefault.template
DEFAULTmenu
PROMPT0
MENUTITLE Cobbler | http://www.cobblerd.org/
MENU MASTERPASSWD $1$cobbler$M6SE55xZodWc9.vAKLJs6.
TIMEOUT200
TOTALTIMEOUT6000
ONTIMEOUT$pxe_timeout_profile
LABELlocal
MENU LABEL (local)
MENU DEFAULT
LOCALBOOT -1
$pxe_menu_items
MENUend
3.编辑pxeprofile文件，添加下面内容
[root@Cobblercobbler]# vim /etc/cobbler/pxe/pxeprofile.template
LABEL$profile_name
MENU PASSWD
kernel $kernel_path
$menu_label
$append_line
ipappend 2
4.重新检查配置，并同步使其生效
[root@Cobblercobbler]# cobbler check [root@Cobblercobbler]# cobbler sync
下次客户端装系统的时候，选择系统菜单时就需要输入密码了
/etc/cobbler/settings #cobbler主配置文件
/etc/cobbler/dhcp.template #DHCP服务的配置模板
/etc/cobbler/tftpd.template #tftp服务的配置模板
/etc/cobbler/rsync.template #rsync服务的配置模板
/etc/cobbler/iso #iso模板配置文件
/etc/cobbler/pxe #pxe模板文件
/etc/cobbler/power #电源的配置文件
/etc/cobbler/users.conf #Web服务授权配置文件
/etc/cobbler/users.digest #用于web访问的用户名密码配置文件
/etc/cobbler/dnsmasq.template #DNS服务的配置模板
/etc/cobbler/modules.conf #Cobbler模块配置文件
/var/lib/cobbler/config #配置文件
/var/lib/cobbler/triggers #Cobbler命令
/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts #默认存放kickstart文件
/var/lib/cobbler/loaders #存放的各种引导程序
/var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases #dhcp租期缓存文件
/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default #pxe配置文件
/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts_*.ks #ks模板文件
/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror #导入的系统镜像列表
/var/www/cobbler/images #导入的系统镜像启动文件
/var/www/cobbler/repo_mirror #yum源存储目录
/var/log/cobbler/install.log #客户端系统安装日志
/var/log/cobbler/cobbler.log #cobbler日志
yuminstall cobbler-web -y
为已存在的用户cobbler重置密码
htdigest/etc/cobbler/users.digest "Cobbler" cobbler
添加新用户
htdigest/etc/cobbler/users.digest "Cobbler" your_newname
sed-i ‘s/authn_denyall/authn_configfile/g‘ /etc/cobbler/modules.conf
/etc/init.d/cobblerdrestart
/etc/init.d/httpdrestart
在浏览器上输入http://cobber_ip/cobber_web打开web界面，输入刚才设置的用户名和密码，进入后台
后台界面：
下面开始导入镜像：
选择Import DVD，
在prefix项中要填写导入光盘的名字，只有不与先前的名字冲突，这里可以随意填。
在Arch项中选择光盘的类型，是i386、x86_64、ai64等。
在Breed项中选择系统的类型，CentOS、Debian、Ubuntu中的一种。
在Path项中填写光盘或ISO镜像包挂载的位置，路径一定要填写正确。
最后点击 run开始导入，过程很慢，可以通过日志查看导入状态
查看日志中的导入状态，可以发现正在运行，第二个是之前用命令导入的，现在状态为complate完成
等到state状态为complate时，导入已完成
查看生成的distros，若生成刚导入的系统，表示没问题，如没有生成需要查看日志，了解具体情况
下面我们开始配置kickstart文件。点击kickstart template，在右边点击创建新的kickstart文件，填写你准备好的kickstart内容即可
修改profile文件，让刚导入的镜像和刚创建的kickstart文件相关联，选择redhat6.4x86_64。点击edit
修改kickstart的路径，把刚才我们创建的kickstart的文件路径写进去，保存即可。
此就是cobbler简单的web配置。
本文出自 “Study-Everyday” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://studys.blog.51cto.com/9736817/1657522
原文地址：http://studys.blog.51cto.com/9736817/1657522
