标签:android binder binder实例 remote service aidl
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我们Binder的学习将从下面的一个实例开始。根据Android文档中的描述,创建一个Binder服务主要包括如下3步:
下面具体看一下在eclipse中是如何开发一个Binder应用的。
第一步:在工程目录下定义aidl文件。
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package com.zxh.ipc; import com.zxh.ipc.PermissionInfo; interface ITestManager{ int checkPermission(String
permName, String pkgName); int checkUidPermission(String
permName, int uid); boolean addPermission(in
PermissionInfo info); void removePermission(String
name); boolean isProtectedBroadcast(String
actionName); } |
第二步:在定义aidl后,eclipse在工程目录的gen目录下会自动生成对应的接口,下面是有aidl自动生成的Java代码:
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package com.zxh.ipc; public interface ITestManager extends android.os.IInterface { /**
Local-side IPC implementation stub class. */ public static abstract class Stub extends android.os.Binder implements com.zxh.ipc.ITestManager { private static final java.lang.String
DESCRIPTOR = "com.zxh.ipc.ITestManager" ; /**
Construct the stub at attach it to the interface. */ public Stub() { this .attachInterface( this ,
DESCRIPTOR); } /** *
Cast an IBinder object into an com.zxh.ipc.ITestManager interface, generating a proxy if needed. */ public static com.zxh.ipc.ITestManager
asInterface(android.os.IBinder obj) { if ((obj
== null ))
{ return null ; } android.os.IInterface
iin = obj.queryLocalInterface(DESCRIPTOR); if (((iin
!= null )
&& (iin instanceof com.zxh.ipc.ITestManager)))
{ return ((com.zxh.ipc.ITestManager)
iin); } return new com.zxh.ipc.ITestManager.Stub.Proxy(obj); } @Override public android.os.IBinder
asBinder() { return this ; } @Override public boolean onTransact( int code,
android.os.Parcel data, android.os.Parcel reply, int flags) throws android.os.RemoteException { switch (code) { case INTERFACE_TRANSACTION:
{ reply.writeString(DESCRIPTOR); return true ; } case TRANSACTION_checkPermission:
{ data.enforceInterface(DESCRIPTOR); java.lang.String
_arg0; _arg0
= data.readString(); java.lang.String
_arg1; _arg1
= data.readString(); int _result
= this .checkPermission(_arg0,
_arg1); reply.writeNoException(); reply.writeInt(_result); return true ; } case TRANSACTION_checkUidPermission:
{ data.enforceInterface(DESCRIPTOR); java.lang.String
_arg0; _arg0
= data.readString(); int _arg1; _arg1
= data.readInt(); int _result
= this .checkUidPermission(_arg0,
_arg1); reply.writeNoException(); reply.writeInt(_result); return true ; } case TRANSACTION_addPermission:
{ data.enforceInterface(DESCRIPTOR); com.zxh.ipc.PermissionInfo
_arg0; if (( 0 !=
data.readInt())) { _arg0
= com.zxh.ipc.PermissionInfo.CREATOR.createFromParcel(data); } else { _arg0
= null ; } boolean _result
= this .addPermission(_arg0); reply.writeNoException(); reply.writeInt(((_result)
? ( 1 )
: ( 0 ))); return true ; } case TRANSACTION_removePermission:
{ data.enforceInterface(DESCRIPTOR); java.lang.String
_arg0; _arg0
= data.readString(); this .removePermission(_arg0); reply.writeNoException(); return true ; } case TRANSACTION_isProtectedBroadcast:
{ data.enforceInterface(DESCRIPTOR); java.lang.String
_arg0; _arg0
= data.readString(); boolean _result
= this .isProtectedBroadcast(_arg0); reply.writeNoException(); reply.writeInt(((_result)
? ( 1 )
: ( 0 ))); return true ; } } return super .onTransact(code,
data, reply, flags); } private static class Proxy implements com.zxh.ipc.ITestManager { private android.os.IBinder
mRemote; Proxy(android.os.IBinder
remote) { mRemote
= remote; } @Override public android.os.IBinder
asBinder() { return mRemote; } public java.lang.String
getInterfaceDescriptor() { return DESCRIPTOR; } @Override public int checkPermission(java.lang.String
permName, java.lang.String pkgName) throws android.os.RemoteException { android.os.Parcel
_data = android.os.Parcel.obtain(); android.os.Parcel
_reply = android.os.Parcel.obtain(); int _result; try { _data.writeInterfaceToken(DESCRIPTOR); _data.writeString(permName); _data.writeString(pkgName); mRemote.transact(Stub.TRANSACTION_checkPermission,
_data, _reply, 0 ); _reply.readException(); _result
= _reply.readInt(); } finally { _reply.recycle(); _data.recycle(); } return _result; } @Override public int checkUidPermission(java.lang.String
permName, int uid) throws android.os.RemoteException { android.os.Parcel
_data = android.os.Parcel.obtain(); android.os.Parcel
_reply = android.os.Parcel.obtain(); int _result; try { _data.writeInterfaceToken(DESCRIPTOR); _data.writeString(permName); _data.writeInt(uid); mRemote.transact(Stub.TRANSACTION_checkUidPermission,
_data, _reply, 0 ); _reply.readException(); _result
= _reply.readInt(); } finally { _reply.recycle(); _data.recycle(); } return _result; } @Override public boolean addPermission(com.zxh.ipc.PermissionInfo
info) throws android.os.RemoteException { android.os.Parcel
_data = android.os.Parcel.obtain(); android.os.Parcel
_reply = android.os.Parcel.obtain(); boolean _result; try { _data.writeInterfaceToken(DESCRIPTOR); if ((info
!= null ))
{ _data.writeInt( 1 ); info.writeToParcel(_data, 0 ); } else { _data.writeInt( 0 ); } mRemote.transact(Stub.TRANSACTION_addPermission,
_data, _reply, 0 ); _reply.readException(); _result
= ( 0 !=
_reply.readInt()); } finally { _reply.recycle(); _data.recycle(); } return _result; } @Override public void removePermission(java.lang.String
name) throws android.os.RemoteException { android.os.Parcel
_data = android.os.Parcel.obtain(); android.os.Parcel
_reply = android.os.Parcel.obtain(); try { _data.writeInterfaceToken(DESCRIPTOR); _data.writeString(name); mRemote.transact(Stub.TRANSACTION_removePermission,
_data, _reply, 0 ); _reply.readException(); } finally { _reply.recycle(); _data.recycle(); } } @Override public boolean isProtectedBroadcast(java.lang.String
actionName) throws android.os.RemoteException { android.os.Parcel
_data = android.os.Parcel.obtain(); android.os.Parcel
_reply = android.os.Parcel.obtain(); boolean _result; try { _data.writeInterfaceToken(DESCRIPTOR); _data.writeString(actionName); mRemote.transact(Stub.TRANSACTION_isProtectedBroadcast,
_data, _reply, 0 ); _reply.readException(); _result
= ( 0 !=
_reply.readInt()); } finally { _reply.recycle(); _data.recycle(); } return _result; } } static final int TRANSACTION_checkPermission
= (android.os.IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 0 ); static final int TRANSACTION_checkUidPermission
= (android.os.IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 1 ); static final int TRANSACTION_addPermission
= (android.os.IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 2 ); static final int TRANSACTION_removePermission
= (android.os.IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 3 ); static final int TRANSACTION_isProtectedBroadcast
= (android.os.IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 4 ); } public int checkPermission(java.lang.String
permName, java.lang.String pkgName) throws android.os.RemoteException; public int checkUidPermission(java.lang.String
permName, int uid) throws android.os.RemoteException; public boolean addPermission(com.zxh.ipc.PermissionInfo
info) throws android.os.RemoteException; public void removePermission(java.lang.String
name) throws android.os.RemoteException; public boolean isProtectedBroadcast(java.lang.String
actionName) throws android.os.RemoteException; } |
第三步:继承上一步生成的接口,实现自己的Service类:
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package com.zxh.server; import android.app.Service; import android.content.Intent; import android.content.ServiceConnection; import android.os.IBinder; import android.os.RemoteException; import android.util.Log; import com.zxh.ipc.ITestManager; import com.zxh.ipc.PermissionInfo; public class TestService extends Service{ private final static String
TAG = "zxh" ; class TestManagerService extends ITestManager.Stub{ @Override public int checkPermission(String
permName, String pkgName) throws RemoteException
{ Log.i(TAG, "checkPermission
server" ); return 0 ; } @Override public int checkUidPermission(String
permName, int uid) throws RemoteException
{ Log.i(TAG, "checkUidPermission
server" ); return 0 ; } @Override public boolean addPermission(PermissionInfo
info) throws RemoteException
{ Log.i(TAG, "addPermission
server" ); return false ; } @Override public void removePermission(String
name) throws RemoteException
{ Log.i(TAG, "removePermission
server" ); } @Override public boolean isProtectedBroadcast(String
actionName) throws RemoteException
{ Log.i(TAG, "isProtectedBroadcast
server" ); return false ; } } private TestManagerService
mService = new TestManagerService(); @Override public IBinder
onBind(Intent intent) { Log.i( "zxh" , "unbindService" ); return mService; } @Override public void unbindService(ServiceConnection
conn) { super .unbindService(conn); Log.i( "zxh" , "unbindService" ); } } |
第四步:实现客户端代码:
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package com.zxh.server; import android.app.Activity; import android.app.Service; import android.content.ComponentName; import android.content.Intent; import android.content.ServiceConnection; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.IBinder; import android.os.RemoteException; import android.util.Log; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import com.zxh.ipc.ITestManager; public class MainActivity extends Activity
{ private ITestManager
manager = null ; ServiceConnection
connection = new ServiceConnection()
{ @Override public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName
name) { Log.i( "binder" , "onServiceDisconnected" ); } @Override public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName
name, IBinder service) { manager
= ITestManager.Stub.asInterface(service); } }; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle
savedInstanceState) { super .onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); findViewById(R.id.startServer).setOnClickListener( new OnClickListener()
{ @Override public void onClick(View
v) { bindService( new Intent(MainActivity. this ,
TestService. class ),
connection, Service.BIND_AUTO_CREATE); } }); findViewById(R.id.stop).setOnClickListener( new OnClickListener()
{ @Override public void onClick(View
v) { unbindService(connection); } }); findViewById(R.id.check).setOnClickListener( new OnClickListener()
{ @Override public void onClick(View
v) { try { manager.checkPermission( "permName" , "pkgName" ); } catch (RemoteException
e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }); } } |
到这里我们就实现了一个完整的Binder实例,下面是工程目录的截图:
完整代码可以查看后面的附件。下面来介绍一下这个实例中涉及到的一些知识点。
除了eclipse,也可以使用Android开发包中提供的aidl命令工具来生成,如下是adil命令:
关于adil的详细介绍可以查看Android官方文档,地址为:http://developer.android.com/intl/zh-cn/guide/components/aidl.html
想要了解aidl处理过程的朋友也可以自己查看aidl的源代码,位于@/frameworks/base/tools/adil。
下面我们来分析一下aidl编译产生的ITestManager类。
从ITestManager中可以看出,ITestManager实现了IInterface接口。在ITestManager类中共包含了三部分内容,分别是:
我们在ITestManager.adil中定义的接口。
Stub类:主要由Server端实现,Server端通过继承本类,来提供具体的处理逻辑。
Proxy类:客户端代理,通过mRemote成员变量访问远程Binder服务。
为了实现我们在ITestManager自定义接口的跨进程通信,Stub类和Proxy都实现了ITestManager接口。Stub自己继承了Binder类来实现Binder机制,Proxy则以引用的方式实现Binder机制。
客户端和服务端的通信主要通过onTransact方法实现,客户端和服务端的数据传递通过Parcel类完成。这里需要注意一个问题:就是在客户端写入数据的顺序与在服务端读取数据的顺序必须是一致的。
虽然在上面的实现中,我们定义了一个Service类TestService,但这里要说明的是Service甚至adil都不是必须的,使用者完全可以自己定义。
自顶向下分析Binder【1】—— Binder实例篇,布布扣,bubuko.com
标签:android binder binder实例 remote service aidl
原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/zhgxhuaa/article/details/33742561