标签:class blog http tar ext com
1.写法有2种:
yield return <expression>和yield break
yield用于在迭代中返回一个值,并将值带入下一次迭代中。yield break则意味着停止迭代。纯粹的文字描述,一千个人有一千个说法,还是用代码更容易说清楚。
2.官方示例(略带修改):
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string s = string.Empty;
foreach (int i in List.Power(2,8))
{
s += i.ToString() + ",";
}
MessageBox.Show(s);
}
public class List
{
//using System.Collections;
public static IEnumerable Power(int number, int exponent)
{
int counter = 0;
int result = 1;
while (counter++ < exponent)
{
result = result * number;
yield return result;
}
}
}
运行示例,发现power方法中的while代码部分,每循环执行一次,即输出一个值,并将这个值带入下一次循环,而power函数并没有每次被调用。
为了验证,我们修改下官方示例代码,来看看我们的判断是否有误:
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string s = string.Empty;
foreach (int i in List.Power())
{
s += i.ToString() + ",";
}
MessageBox.Show(s);
}
public static IEnumerable Power()
{
int counter = 0;
int result = 1;
int number = 2, exponent = 8;
while (counter++ < exponent)
{
result = result * number;
yield return result;
}
}
运行结果与官方示例相同,说明.net framework每次只把yield部分所在的部分代码进行了迭代返回处理。
3.官方的另一个示例为用yield作为属性(输出方式略有修改)。
private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
var theGalaxies = new Galaxies();
string ps = string.Empty;
foreach (Galaxy theGalaxy in theGalaxies.NextGalaxy)
{
ps += (theGalaxy.Name + " " + theGalaxy.MegaLightYears.ToString() + " >> ");
}
MessageBox.Show(ps);
}
public System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<Galaxy> NextGalaxy
{
get
{
yield return new Galaxy { Name = "Tadpole", MegaLightYears = 400 };
yield return new Galaxy { Name = "Pinwheel", MegaLightYears = 25 };
yield return new Galaxy { Name = "Milky Way", MegaLightYears = 0 };
yield return new Galaxy { Name = "Andromeda", MegaLightYears = 3 };
}
}
输出结果:

从这个例子可以看出yield其实就是临时中断执行,输出后继续执行而已。
可以修改下这个例子,看效果如何:
public class Galaxies
{
List<Galaxy> ls = new List<Galaxy>();
public System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<Galaxy> NextGalaxy
{
get
{
yield return new Galaxy { Name = "Tadpole", MegaLightYears = 400 };
yield return new Galaxy { Name = "Pinwheel", MegaLightYears = 25 };
yield return new Galaxy { Name = "Milky Way", MegaLightYears = 0 };
yield return new Galaxy { Name = "Andromeda", MegaLightYears = 3 };
}
}
public System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<Galaxy> NextGalaxy1
{
get
{
ls.Add(new Galaxy { Name = "Tadpole", MegaLightYears = 400 });
ls.Add(new Galaxy { Name = "Pinwheel", MegaLightYears = 25 });
ls.Add(new Galaxy { Name = "Milky Way", MegaLightYears = 0 });
ls.Add(new Galaxy { Name = "Andromeda", MegaLightYears = 3 });
int i = -1;
while (i++ < ls.Count - 1)
{
yield return ls[i];
}
}
}
}
调用NextGalaxy1后,结果与官方示例结果相同,还可以进一步修改NextGalaxy1,使其更容易别理解:
public System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<Galaxy> NextGalaxy1
{
get
{
ls.Add(new Galaxy { Name = "Tadpole", MegaLightYears = 400 });
ls.Add(new Galaxy { Name = "Pinwheel", MegaLightYears = 25 });
ls.Add(new Galaxy { Name = "Milky Way", MegaLightYears = 0 });
ls.Add(new Galaxy { Name = "Andromeda", MegaLightYears = 3 });
int i = 0;
while (i < ls.Count)
{
yield return ls[i];
i++;
}
}
}
这样看来就很容易理解其含义了,更进一步说就是一边给你输出结果,一边继续给你执行代码,一举两得!
如果想中断执行,则直接用yield break即可。
代码如下:
public System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<Galaxy> NextGalaxy1
{
get
{
ls.Add(new Galaxy { Name = "Tadpole", MegaLightYears = 400 });
ls.Add(new Galaxy { Name = "Pinwheel", MegaLightYears = 25 });
ls.Add(new Galaxy { Name = "Milky Way", MegaLightYears = 0 });
ls.Add(new Galaxy { Name = "Andromeda", MegaLightYears = 3 });
int i = -1;
while (i++ < ls.Count - 1)
{
yield return ls[i];
if (ls[i].MegaLightYears == 0)
{
yield break;
}
}
}
}
输出结果为:

附官方链接:http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/9k7k7cf0.aspx
标签:class blog http tar ext com
原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/jizhong/p/3809662.html