SQL> select * from v$version where rownum=1;
BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
SQL> !uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 2.6.18-194.el5 #1 SMP Mon Mar 29 20:06:41 EDT 2010 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux
关于入门oracle时，os认证（和外部验证），网络配置是很让人头痛的事，前面写过几篇文章关于网络配置（
http://blog.itpub.net/29876893/viewspace-1626684/ http://blog.itpub.net/29876893/viewspace-1691336/
http://blog.itpub.net/29876893/viewspace-1465317/），希望给大家学习之处带来帮助。
[oracle@localhost ~]$
sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期三 6月 17 23:32:13 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
连接到:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> exit
从 Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options 断开
[oracle@localhost ~]$
sqlplus xxx/xxxx as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期三 6月 17 23:32:32 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
连接到:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> exit
从 Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options 断开
[oracle@localhost ~]$
sqlplus w/ as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期三 6月 17 23:32:47 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
输入口令:
连接到:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> exit
从 Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options 断开
，
我们不需要输入用户名和密码就可以以sys用户登录数据库，这种方式是os认证，不需要我们输入用户及密码，到底是什么原因呢？
l
LINUX下：
1.在/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora里添加
SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES=(all)这样可以使用os认证，或者把这句话直接注释（删除）了：
#SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES=(all)
如果不想启用os认证，可以：
SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES=(none)或者SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES=(nts）或者QLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES=()
此时不能使用os认证：
[oracle@localhost admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期四 6月 18 10:33:13 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
ERROR:
ORA-01031: insufficient privileges
2.当然还可以oracle的安装用户从组oinstall中删除掉，当然也可以直接把oinstall这个组也删除，都可以屏蔽os功能
Windows下：
1.同理就是F:\oracle\Administrator\product\11.2.0\client\network\admin\sqlnet.ora中添加：
SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= (NTS)
如果注释这句话或者SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= (none)可以屏蔽os验证
Windows上和linux有点不同，大家注意。
2.在计算机管理 -> 本地用户和组 -> 组中找到ORA_DBA 右击单击ORA_DBA后，在弹出的菜单中选择属性，打开ORA_DBA属性对话框，可以看到ORA_DBA组中有sys成员，当把sys从该组删除后可屏蔽os验证。
