标签：
|
功能 |
GetSysMetrics的 参数 |
返回值 |
|
判断是否安装鼠标 |
SM_MOUSEPRESENT |
WINNT以上：TRUE己安装。0未安装 Windows98：总是TRUE。 |
|
鼠标按钮个数 |
SM_CMOUSEBUTTONS |
WINNT以上：0为未安装鼠标 Windows98：有安装鼠标返回按钮个数，没安装鼠标返回2。 |
|
鼠标按钮是否被切换 |
SM_SWAPBUTTON |
|
设定鼠标其他参数（如双击）：用SystemParametrsInfo函数获取或设定
（2）鼠标指针：wndClass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL,IDC_ARROW)。
7.2 客户区的鼠标消息
（1）客户区鼠标消息（10个）
|
事件 |
消息 |
|
鼠标经过 |
WM_MOUSEMOVE |
|
左键 |
WM_LBUTTONDOWN、WM_LBUTTONUP、WM_LBUTTONDBLCLK(双击) |
|
中键 |
WM_MBUTTONDOWN、WM_MBUTTONUP、WM_MBUTTONDBLCLK（第二次按下） |
|
右键 |
WM_RBUTTONDOWN、WM_RBUTTONUP、WM_RBUTTONDBLCLK |
说明：①双击事件的处理只有窗口类定义接收时，才起作用：即
|
差异 |
没包含双击事件 |
包含双击事件 |
|
wndClass.style |
CS_HREDRAW| CS_VREDRAW |
CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW|CS_DBLCLKS |
|
消息顺序 |
WM_LBUTTONDOWN WM_LBUTTONUP WM_LBUTTONDOWN WM_LBUTTONUP |
WM_LBUTTONDOWN WM_LBUTTONUP WM_LBUTTONDBLCLK WM_LBUTTONUP |
②MBUTTON只对三键鼠标起作用。单键鼠标只处理LBUTTON消息。
③WM_MOUSEMOVE：消息的个数取决于鼠标硬件和窗口处理的速度。Windows不会为
经过的每个像素位置都产生一个WM_MOUSEMOVE消息。
④WM_LBUTTONDOWN和WM_LBUTTONUP并不一定会成对出现。可能只收到其中的一种
消息。
⑤键盘消息发送到当前具有输入焦点的窗口。鼠标消息发送给被单击的窗或鼠标经
过的窗口，即使该窗口处于非活动或不带输入焦点。两种例外：A、“捕获鼠标”
时，鼠标离开窗口仍继续接收鼠标消息;B、模式对话框处于活动状态时，其他
程序不能接收鼠标消息。
（2）鼠标消息的参数
|
wParam(按钮、Shift、Ctrl键状态) |
lParam（鼠标位置） |
|
MK_LBUTTON（0x0001）：按下左键 MK_RBUTTON（0x0002）：按下右键 MK_SHIFT （0x0004）：按下Shift MK_CONTROL（0x0008）：按下Ctrl MK_MBUTTON（0x0010）：按下中键 ★或运算结果 |
x = LOWORD(lParam); y = HIWORD(lParam); |
eg.当WM_LBUTTONDOWN时，是否同时按下Shift键：wParam & MK_SHIFT。
7.2.1 简单的鼠标处理示例
【Connect程序】
（1）操作方法：
①第一种——在客户区按下左键，略微移动，再松开左键
②第二种——在客户区按下左键，快速移动鼠标。
（2）己知的问题：在客户区外释放左键，Connnect不会连接这些点，因为没收到WM_LBUTTONUP消息。
（3）该程序较耗时，绘制时，鼠标变沙漏形，处理WM_PAINT完后回原来的状态。用SetCursor来切换鼠标。ShowCursor隐藏或显示鼠标指针。
/*------------------------------------------------------------ CONNECT.C -- Connect-the-Dots Mouse Demo program (c) Charles Petzold, 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------*/ #define MAXPOINTS 1000 #include <windows.h> LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow) { static TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT("Connect"); HWND hwnd; MSG msg; WNDCLASS wndclass; wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW; wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc; wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0; wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0; wndclass.hInstance = hInstance; wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION); wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW); wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH); wndclass.lpszMenuName = NULL; wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName; if (!RegisterClass(&wndclass)) { MessageBox(NULL, TEXT("This program requires Windows NT!"), szAppName, MB_ICONERROR); return 0; } hwnd = CreateWindow(szAppName, // window class name TEXT("Connect-the-Points Mouse Demo"), // window caption WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, // window style CW_USEDEFAULT, // initial x position CW_USEDEFAULT, // initial y position CW_USEDEFAULT, // initial x size CW_USEDEFAULT, // initial y size NULL, // parent window handle NULL, // window menu handle hInstance, // program instance handle NULL); // creation parameters ShowWindow(hwnd, iCmdShow); UpdateWindow(hwnd); while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)) { TranslateMessage(&msg); DispatchMessage(&msg); } return msg.wParam; } LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { HDC hdc; PAINTSTRUCT ps; static POINT pt[MAXPOINTS]; static int iCount = 0; switch (message) { case WM_LBUTTONDOWN: iCount = 0; InvalidateRect(hwnd, NULL, TRUE); //每次按下左键时，先消屏 return 0; case WM_MOUSEMOVE: //验证移动时，并不是每个像素都产生WM_MOUSEMOVE消息。 if (wParam & MK_LBUTTON && iCount<MAXPOINTS) //只有按下左键+鼠标移动时，才画点 { pt[iCount].x = LOWORD(lParam); pt[iCount++].y = HIWORD(lParam); //画点 hdc = GetDC(hwnd); SetPixel(hdc, LOWORD(lParam), HIWORD(lParam), 0); ReleaseDC(hwnd, hdc); } return 0; case WM_LBUTTONUP: //鼠标放开时，开始连线 InvalidateRect(hwnd, NULL, FALSE); //FALSE，不擦除背景，可以保留WM_MOUSEMOVE里画下的点。 return 0; case WM_PAINT: hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd, &ps); SetCursor(LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_WAIT)); ShowCursor(TRUE); //鼠标指针显示为等待状态 for (int i = 0; i < iCount; i++) //每一点而其他各点的连线 for (int j = i + 1; j < iCount; j++) { MoveToEx(hdc, pt[i].x, pt[i].y, NULL); LineTo(hdc, pt[j].x, pt[j].y); } ShowCursor(FALSE); SetCursor(LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW)); EndPaint(hwnd, &ps); return 0; case WM_DESTROY: PostQuitMessage(0); return 0; } return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam); }
7.2.2 处理Shift键
|
处理过程依赖Shift和Ctrl键的逻辑处理 |
单键鼠标模拟双键鼠标 |
|
if (wParam & MK_SHIFT) //按下Shift { if (wParam & MK_CONTROL) { [按下Shift + Ctrl键]; } else{ [只按下Shift键]; } }else{ //未按Shift if (wParam & MK_CONTROL) { [只按下Ctrl键]; }else{ [Shift和Ctrl都没被按下]; } } |
case WM_LBUTTONDOWN: //未按Shift时，直接处理左键 if (!(wParam & MK_SHIFT)) { [这里处理左键]; return 0; } //注意，这里没有return。 //用户按下了鼠标左键+Shift，执行以下代码，模拟右键。 case WM_RBUTTONDOWN: [这里处理右键]; return 0;
★注意：双键鼠标也是可以正常处理的。单键鼠标可以通过按住鼠标左键+Shift，来模拟鼠标右键的功能。 |
7.3 非客户区的鼠标消息
（1）非客户区鼠标消息（11个）
|
事件 |
消息 |
|
鼠标经过 |
WM_NCMOUSEMOVE |
|
击中测试 |
WM_NCHITTEST |
|
左键 |
WM_NCLBUTTONDOWN、WM_NCLBUTTONUP、WM_NCLBUTTONDBLCLK(双击) |
|
中键 |
WM_NCMBUTTONDOWN、WM_NCMBUTTONUP、WM_NCMBUTTONDBLCLK（第二次按下） |
|
右键 |
WM_NCRBUTTONDOWN、WM_NCRBUTTONUP、WM_NCRBUTTONDBLCLK |
（2）非客户区鼠标消息的参数
|
wParam（窗口的哪个部位） （20多个位置，见MSDN） |
lParam（鼠标屏幕坐标） |
|
HTCLINET 客户区 HTNOWHERE 不在任何窗口 HTRANSPARENT 被另一个窗口覆盖 HTERROR 使函数DefWindowProc产生警示声 …… |
Pt.x =LOWORD(lParam); Pt.y =HIWORD(lParam); //屏幕坐标与客户区坐标转换 ScreenToClient(hwnd,&pt); ClientToScreen(hwnd,&pt); |
7.3.1 击中测试消息：WM_NCHITTEST
（1）消息优先级高于其他鼠标消息
（2）wParam参数如上表所示。
（3）DefWindowProc在处理WM_NCHITTEST后，如果返回HTCLIENT，则会把屏幕坐标转成客户区坐标，并产生一个客户区鼠标消息。
（4）使鼠标按钮操作失效——阻止系统向窗口发送所有客户区和非客户区鼠标消息：
case WM_NCHITTEST:return (LRESULT)HTNOWHERE;
7.3.2 消息引发的消息
（1）Windows利用WM_NCHITTEST来产生其他所有的鼠标消息。
（2）举例：双击系统图标来关闭窗口，由WM_NCHITTEST引发的消息
|
顺序 |
当前消息 |
wParam |
返回 |
|
1、双击系统图标，产生WM_NCHITTEST，由DefWindowProc处理后，产生下一条消息。 |
WM_NCHITTEST |
Not used |
HTSYSMENU |
|
2、默认处理后，再产生下条消息 |
WM_NCLBUTTONDBLCLK |
HTSYSMENU |
|
|
3、默认处理后，产生下条消息 |
WM_SYSCOMMAND |
SC_CLOSE |
|
|
4、DefWindowProc调用DestroyWindow处理这条消息，并产生下条消息 |
WM_CLOSE |
|
|
|
5、默认处理或用户处理，并销毁。 |
WM_DESTROY |
|
|
7.4 程序中的击中测试
7.4.1 一个简单的程序
（1）矩形宽度为cxBlock，高度为cyBlock
（2）WM_LBUTTONDOWN判断鼠标落在哪个矩形内
（3）如果客户区宽度和长度不能被5整除，会在左边和底部出现一个空白区。
（4）点击鼠标时产生一个无效区（矩形），并发送WM_PAINT重新绘制该无效区。
【效果图】
/*------------------------------------------------------------ CHECKER1.C -- Mouse Hit-Test demo Program No.2 (c) Charles Petzold, 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------*/ #include <windows.h> #define DIVISIONS 5 LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow) { static TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT("Checker1"); HWND hwnd; MSG msg; WNDCLASS wndclass; wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW; wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc; wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0; wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0; wndclass.hInstance = hInstance; wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION); wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW); wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH); wndclass.lpszMenuName = NULL; wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName; if (!RegisterClass(&wndclass)) { MessageBox(NULL, TEXT("This program requires Windows NT!"), szAppName, MB_ICONERROR); return 0; } hwnd = CreateWindow(szAppName, // window class name TEXT("Checker1 Mouse Hit-Test Demo"), // window caption WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, // window style CW_USEDEFAULT, // initial x position CW_USEDEFAULT, // initial y position CW_USEDEFAULT, // initial x size CW_USEDEFAULT, // initial y size NULL, // parent window handle NULL, // window menu handle hInstance, // program instance handle NULL); // creation parameters ShowWindow(hwnd, iCmdShow); UpdateWindow(hwnd); while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)) { TranslateMessage(&msg); DispatchMessage(&msg); } return msg.wParam; } LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { HDC hdc; PAINTSTRUCT ps; RECT rect; static cxBlock, cyBlock; static BOOL fState[DIVISIONS][DIVISIONS]; int x, y; switch (message) { case WM_CREATE: return 0; case WM_SIZE: cxBlock = LOWORD(lParam) / DIVISIONS; cyBlock = HIWORD(lParam) / DIVISIONS; return 0; case WM_LBUTTONDOWN: //单击的矩形索引 x = LOWORD(lParam) / cxBlock; y = HIWORD(lParam) / cyBlock; if (x < DIVISIONS && y < DIVISIONS) { fState[x][y] ^= 1; //即fState[x][y] =!fState[x][y]; rect.top = y*cyBlock; rect.bottom = (y + 1)*cyBlock; rect.left = x*cxBlock; rect.right = (x + 1)*cxBlock; InvalidateRect(hwnd, &rect, TRUE); //因用透明绘制，所以要清除背景 } else{ //当宽度和长度不是5个倍数时，会在左或底侧出现个空白区，让其发出错误的声音。 MessageBeep(0); } return 0; case WM_PAINT: hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd, &ps); RECT tmpRect; SelectObject(hdc, GetStockObject(NULL_BRUSH));//透明绘制 for (int x = 0; x < DIVISIONS; x++) for (int y = 0; y < DIVISIONS; y++) { rect.top = y*cyBlock; rect.bottom = (y + 1)*cyBlock; rect.left = x*cxBlock; rect.right = (x + 1)*cxBlock; IntersectRect(&tmpRect, &rect, &ps.rcPaint); if (IsRectEmpty(&tmpRect)) continue;//判断当前矩形区是否在无效区内 Rectangle(hdc, rect.left, rect.top, rect.right, rect.bottom); if (fState[x][y]) { MoveToEx(hdc, x*cxBlock, y*cyBlock, NULL); LineTo(hdc, (x + 1)*cxBlock, (y + 1)*cyBlock); MoveToEx(hdc, x*cxBlock, (y + 1)*cyBlock, NULL); LineTo(hdc, (x + 1)*cxBlock, y*cyBlock); } } EndPaint(hwnd, &ps); return 0; case WM_DESTROY: PostQuitMessage(0); return 0; } return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam); }
7.4.2 使用键盘模仿鼠标操作
（1）显示或隐藏鼠标
ShowCursor（TRUE）；//增加鼠标显示计数，默认0，只有在>=0时，才显示。
ShowCursor(FALSE)；//减少鼠标计数，只有在<0时才隐藏。
（2）获取和设置鼠标位置
①Get、Set鼠标位置
GetCursorPos(&pt);//屏幕坐标（因为没有hwnd参数），可与客户区坐标转换
SetCursorPos(&pt);
②GetCursorPos与鼠标消息的参数lParam的差别。
A、GetCursorPos坐标并转成客户区坐标，返回的鼠标当前位置
B、lParam包含的坐标是指产生消息的那一刻的鼠标位置。
（3）在CHECKER中增加键盘接口
①用空格与Enter键模拟鼠标按钮；方向键每按一次切换到另一个矩形。
②Home键回到左上角的矩形，End键鼠标落到右下角矩形。
【Checker2程序】
/*------------------------------------------------------------ CHECKER2.C -- Mouse Hit-Test demo Program No.2 (c) Charles Petzold, 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------*/ #include <windows.h> #define DIVISIONS 5 LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow) { static TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT("Checker2"); HWND hwnd; MSG msg; WNDCLASS wndclass; wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW; wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc; wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0; wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0; wndclass.hInstance = hInstance; wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION); wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW); wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH); wndclass.lpszMenuName = NULL; wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName; if (!RegisterClass(&wndclass)) { MessageBox(NULL, TEXT("This program requires Windows NT!"), szAppName, MB_ICONERROR); return 0; } hwnd = CreateWindow(szAppName, // window class name TEXT("Checker2 Mouse Hit-Test Demo"), // window caption WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, // window style CW_USEDEFAULT, // initial x position CW_USEDEFAULT, // initial y position CW_USEDEFAULT, // initial x size CW_USEDEFAULT, // initial y size NULL, // parent window handle NULL, // window menu handle hInstance, // program instance handle NULL); // creation parameters ShowWindow(hwnd, iCmdShow); UpdateWindow(hwnd); while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)) { TranslateMessage(&msg); DispatchMessage(&msg); } return msg.wParam; } LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { HDC hdc; PAINTSTRUCT ps; RECT rect; static cxBlock, cyBlock; static BOOL fState[DIVISIONS][DIVISIONS]; int x, y; POINT pt; switch (message) { case WM_CREATE: return 0; case WM_SIZE: cxBlock = LOWORD(lParam) / DIVISIONS; cyBlock = HIWORD(lParam) / DIVISIONS; return 0; case WM_SETFOCUS: ShowCursor(TRUE); //显示鼠标，现在都安装了鼠标，可以省略 return 0; case WM_KILLFOCUS: ShowCursor(FALSE); return 0; case WM_KEYDOWN: GetCursorPos(&pt); //因wParam为虚拟键，lParam为击键的6个字段，没鼠标坐标。 ScreenToClient(hwnd, &pt); //当前选中的矩形 x = max(0, min(DIVISIONS - 1, pt.x / cxBlock)); //限定在[0-4]之间 y = max(0, min(DIVISIONS - 1, pt.y / cyBlock)); switch (wParam) { case VK_UP: y--; break; case VK_DOWN: y++; break; case VK_LEFT: x--; break; case VK_RIGHT: x++; break; case VK_HOME: x = y = 0; break; case VK_END: x = y = DIVISIONS - 1; case VK_SPACE: case VK_RETURN: SendMessage(hwnd, WM_LBUTTONDOWN, MK_LBUTTON, MAKELONG(x*cxBlock, y*cyBlock)); return 0;//也可以break，执行下面代码，将鼠标设置到当前矩形中央位置。 } x = (x + DIVISIONS) % DIVISIONS; //x原区间为[0，4]，移到[5,9]区间，防止x--后出现负数区间。 y = (y + DIVISIONS) % DIVISIONS; //设置鼠标位置到矩形中央位置 pt.x = x*cxBlock + cxBlock / 2; pt.y = y*cyBlock + cyBlock / 2; ClientToScreen(hwnd, &pt); //客户区坐标转成屏幕坐标 SetCursorPos(pt.x, pt.y); return 0; case WM_LBUTTONDOWN: //单击的矩形索引 x = LOWORD(lParam) / cxBlock; y = HIWORD(lParam) / cyBlock; if (x < DIVISIONS && y < DIVISIONS) { fState[x][y] ^= 1; //即fState[x][y] =!fState[x][y]; rect.top = y*cyBlock; rect.bottom = (y + 1)*cyBlock; rect.left = x*cxBlock; rect.right = (x + 1)*cxBlock; InvalidateRect(hwnd, &rect, TRUE); //因用透明绘制，所以要清除背景 } else{ //当宽度和长度不是5个倍数时，会在左或底侧出现个空白区，让其发出错误的声音。 MessageBeep(0); } return 0; case WM_PAINT: hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd, &ps); RECT tmpRect; SelectObject(hdc, GetStockObject(NULL_BRUSH));//透明绘制 for (int x = 0; x < DIVISIONS; x++) for (int y = 0; y < DIVISIONS; y++) { rect.top = y*cyBlock; rect.bottom = (y + 1)*cyBlock; rect.left = x*cxBlock; rect.right = (x + 1)*cxBlock; IntersectRect(&tmpRect, &rect, &ps.rcPaint); if (IsRectEmpty(&tmpRect)) continue;//判断当前矩形区是否在无效区内 Rectangle(hdc, rect.left, rect.top, rect.right, rect.bottom); if (fState[x][y]) { MoveToEx(hdc, x*cxBlock, y*cyBlock, NULL); LineTo(hdc, (x + 1)*cxBlock, (y + 1)*cyBlock); MoveToEx(hdc, x*cxBlock, (y + 1)*cyBlock, NULL); LineTo(hdc, (x + 1)*cxBlock, y*cyBlock); } } EndPaint(hwnd, &ps); return 0; case WM_DESTROY: PostQuitMessage(0); return 0; } return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam); }
（1）包含25个子窗口，两个窗口过程：WndProc和ChildWndProc
（2）子窗口类的cbWndExtra设置4个字节，用来保存该窗口绘画状态，打“X”用1表示。
（3）WndProc中创建子窗口时须调用GetWindowsLong,从注册的窗口结构中提取hInstance.
（4）hwndChild数组为每个子窗口保存了窗口句柄，MoveWindows函数中要用到。
（5）CreateWindows主窗口与子窗口参数的比较
|
参数 |
主窗口 |
子窗口 |
|
窗口类 |
“Checker3” |
“Checker3_Child” |
|
窗口标题 |
“Checker3…” |
NULL |
|
窗口风格 |
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW |
WS_CHILDWINDOW|WS_VISIBLE |
|
水平位置 |
CW_USEDEFAULT |
0 |
|
垂直位置 |
CW_USEDEFAULT |
0 |
|
宽度 |
CW_USEDEFAULT |
0 |
|
高度 |
CW_USEDEFAULT |
0 |
|
父窗口句柄 |
NULL |
hwnd |
|
菜单句柄/子ID |
NULL |
（HMENU）（y<<8 | x）（唯一标识子窗口的数值） |
|
实例句柄 |
hInstance |
(HINSTANCE)GetWindowLong(hwnd,GWL_INSTANCE) |
|
额外参数 |
NULL |
NULL |
【Checker3程序】
/*------------------------------------------------------------ CHECKER3.C -- Mouse Hit-Test demo Program No.3 (c) Charles Petzold, 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------*/ #include <windows.h> #define DIVISIONS 5 LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); //主窗口过程 LRESULT CALLBACK ChildWndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); //子窗口的窗口过程 TCHAR szChildClass[] = TEXT("Checker_Child"); //须定义为全局变量，因为WinMain和WndProc中都要用到。 int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow) { static TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT("Checker3"); HWND hwnd; MSG msg; WNDCLASS wndclass; //主窗体 wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW; wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc; wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0; wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0; wndclass.hInstance = hInstance; wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION); wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW); wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH); wndclass.lpszMenuName = NULL; wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName; if (!RegisterClass(&wndclass)) { MessageBox(NULL, TEXT("This program requires Windows NT!"), szAppName, MB_ICONERROR); return 0; } //子窗口类 wndclass.lpfnWndProc = ChildWndProc; wndclass.cbWndExtra = sizeof(long); //也可以为设置，直接保存在窗体的GWL_USERDATA中 wndclass.hIcon = NULL; wndclass.lpszClassName = szChildClass; RegisterClass(&wndclass); //己经是NT了，不需要再检查了。 hwnd = CreateWindow(szAppName, // window class name TEXT("Checker3 Mouse Hit-Test demo"), // window caption WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, // window style CW_USEDEFAULT, // initial x position CW_USEDEFAULT, // initial y position CW_USEDEFAULT, // initial x size CW_USEDEFAULT, // initial y size NULL, // parent window handle NULL, // window menu handle hInstance, // program instance handle NULL); // creation parameters ShowWindow(hwnd, iCmdShow); UpdateWindow(hwnd); while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)) { TranslateMessage(&msg); DispatchMessage(&msg); } return msg.wParam; } LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { static HWND hwndChild[DIVISIONS][DIVISIONS]; static int cxBlock, cyBlock; switch (message) { case WM_CREATE: for (int x = 0; x < DIVISIONS; x++) for (int y = 0; y < DIVISIONS; y++) { hwndChild[x][y] = CreateWindow(szChildClass, NULL, WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE, //没WS_VISIBLE时，创建好窗口，要自己ShowWindow 0, 0, 10, 10, hwnd, (HMENU)(y << 8 | x), (HINSTANCE)GetWindowLong(hwnd, GWL_HINSTANCE), //从主窗体获得hInstance NULL); } return 0; case WM_SIZE: cxBlock = LOWORD(lParam) / DIVISIONS; cyBlock = HIWORD(lParam) / DIVISIONS; for (int x = 0; x < DIVISIONS; x++) for (int y = 0; y < DIVISIONS; y++) { MoveWindow(hwndChild[x][y], x*cxBlock, y*cyBlock, cxBlock, cyBlock, TRUE); } return 0; case WM_LBUTTONDOWN: MessageBeep(0); return 0; case WM_DESTROY: PostQuitMessage(0); return 0; } return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam); } LRESULT CALLBACK ChildWndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { HDC hdc; PAINTSTRUCT ps; RECT rect; switch (message) { case WM_CREATE: SetWindowLong(hwnd, 0, 0);//开/关标记，保存cbWndExtra空间 //SetWindowLong(hwnd, GWL_USERDATA, 0);//保存在USERDATA中 return 0; case WM_LBUTTONDOWN: SetWindowLong(hwnd, 0, 1 ^ GetWindowLong(hwnd, 0)); //SetWindowLong(hwnd, GWL_USERDATA, 1 ^ GetWindowLong(hwnd, GWL_USERDATA)); InvalidateRect(hwnd, NULL, FALSE); //因为矩形默认是填充白色的，会覆盖之前绘画，所以用False return 0; case WM_PAINT: hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd, &ps); GetClientRect(hwnd, &rect); Rectangle(hdc, rect.left, rect.top, rect.right, rect.bottom); if (GetWindowLong(hwnd, 0)) //if (GetWindowLong(hwnd, GWL_USERDATA)) { MoveToEx(hdc, rect.left, rect.top, NULL); LineTo(hdc, rect.right, rect.bottom); MoveToEx(hdc, rect.left, rect.bottom, NULL); LineTo(hdc, rect.right, rect.top); } EndPaint(hwnd, &ps); return 0; case WM_DESTROY: PostQuitMessage(0); return 0; } return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam); }
（1）单击子窗口时，得到输入焦点的是父窗口，而不是子窗口。（记这点很重要）。鼠标但键盘消息只给被具有焦点的窗口接收。（父子窗口如何共享键盘消息呢？如，当按空格或回车键时，接收消息的是子窗口，要反转选中状态。按方向键时，接收消息的是父窗口，要将焦点移到另一个子窗口上？方法：父窗口直接将焦点转移给子窗口，让子窗口接管键盘消息，子窗体先处理回车键和空格键等键盘消息。但遇到方向键时，将消息通过SendMessage返给父窗口，注意这个过程不必将焦点还给父窗口。整个过程，即父窗口将键盘消息让给子窗口去接管，子窗口处理自己兴趣的消息，把不处理的消息重新分发给父窗口）
（2）父窗口中操作子窗口
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操作 |
函数 |
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获取子窗口ID的方法 |
idChild = GetWindowLong(hwndChild，GWL_ID); idChild = GetDlgCtrlID(hwndChild) |
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获取子窗口的句柄 |
hwndChild = GetDlgItem(hwndParent,idChild) |
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设置子窗口为焦点窗口 |
SetFocus(GetDlgItem(hwnd,idFocus)) |
（3）子窗口得到焦点时：WM_SETFOCUS中画虚线框表示
【Checker4】
/*------------------------------------------------------------ CHECKER4.C -- Mouse Hit-Test demo Program No.3 (c) Charles Petzold, 1998 ------------------------------------------------------------*/ #include <windows.h> #define DIVISIONS 5 LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); //主窗口过程 LRESULT CALLBACK ChildWndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); //子窗口的窗口过程 TCHAR szChildClass[] = TEXT("Checker_Child"); //须定义为全局变量，因为WinMain和WndProc中都要用到。 int idFocus; //当前选中的矩形（用子窗口ID来标识） int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow) { static TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT("Checker4"); HWND hwnd; MSG msg; WNDCLASS wndclass; //主窗体 wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW; wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc; wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0; wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0; wndclass.hInstance = hInstance; wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION); wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW); wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH); wndclass.lpszMenuName = NULL; wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName; if (!RegisterClass(&wndclass)) { MessageBox(NULL, TEXT("This program requires Windows NT!"), szAppName, MB_ICONERROR); return 0; } //子窗口类 wndclass.lpfnWndProc = ChildWndProc; wndclass.cbWndExtra = sizeof(long); wndclass.hIcon = NULL; wndclass.lpszClassName = szChildClass; RegisterClass(&wndclass); //己经是NT了，不需要再检查了。 hwnd = CreateWindow(szAppName, // window class name TEXT("Checker4 Mouse Hit-Test demo"), // window caption WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, // window style CW_USEDEFAULT, // initial x position CW_USEDEFAULT, // initial y position CW_USEDEFAULT, // initial x size CW_USEDEFAULT, // initial y size NULL, // parent window handle NULL, // window menu handle hInstance, // program instance handle NULL); // creation parameters ShowWindow(hwnd, iCmdShow); UpdateWindow(hwnd); while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)) { TranslateMessage(&msg); DispatchMessage(&msg); } return msg.wParam; } LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { static HWND hwndChild[DIVISIONS][DIVISIONS]; static int cxBlock, cyBlock; int x, y; switch (message) { case WM_CREATE: for (int x = 0; x < DIVISIONS; x++) for (int y = 0; y < DIVISIONS; y++) { hwndChild[x][y] = CreateWindow(szChildClass, NULL, WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE, //没WS_VISIBLE时，创建好窗口，要自己ShowWindow 0, 0, 10, 10, hwnd, (HMENU)(y << 8 | x), (HINSTANCE)GetWindowLong(hwnd, GWL_HINSTANCE), //从主窗体获得hInstance NULL); } return 0; case WM_SIZE: cxBlock = LOWORD(lParam) / DIVISIONS; cyBlock = HIWORD(lParam) / DIVISIONS; for (int x = 0; x < DIVISIONS; x++) for (int y = 0; y < DIVISIONS; y++) { MoveWindow(hwndChild[x][y], x*cxBlock, y*cyBlock, cxBlock, cyBlock, TRUE); } return 0; case WM_SETFOCUS: SetFocus(GetDlgItem(hwnd, idFocus)); //将子窗体设置为窗口窗体，以便接管键盘消息。 return 0; case WM_KEYDOWN: x = idFocus & 0xFF; y = idFocus >> 8; switch (wParam) { case VK_UP: y--; break; case VK_DOWN: y++; break; case VK_LEFT: x--; break; case VK_RIGHT: x++; break; case VK_HOME: x = y = 0; break; case VK_END: x = y = DIVISIONS - 1; break; default: return 0; //其它按键不处理，直接返回 } x = (x + DIVISIONS) % DIVISIONS; y = (y + DIVISIONS) % DIVISIONS; idFocus = y << 8 | x; SetFocus(GetDlgItem(hwnd, idFocus)); return 0; case WM_LBUTTONDOWN: MessageBeep(0); return 0; case WM_DESTROY: PostQuitMessage(0); return 0; } return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam); } LRESULT CALLBACK ChildWndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { HDC hdc; PAINTSTRUCT ps; RECT rect; switch (message) { case WM_CREATE: SetWindowLong(hwnd, 0, 0);//开/关标记，保存cbWndExtra空间 return 0; case WM_KEYDOWN: //将绝大部分的键盘消息还给父窗口处理 if (wParam != VK_RETURN && wParam != VK_SPACE) { SendMessage(GetParent(hwnd), message, wParam, lParam); return 0; } //继续执行下去，处理回车和空格键 case WM_LBUTTONDOWN: SetWindowLong(hwnd, 0, 1 ^ GetWindowLong(hwnd, 0)); SetFocus(hwnd); InvalidateRect(hwnd, NULL, FALSE); //因为矩形默认是填充白色的，会覆盖之前绘画，所以用False return 0; case WM_SETFOCUS: idFocus = GetWindowLong(hwnd, GWL_ID); //继续执行下去，用虚线框表示焦点窗口 case WM_KILLFOCUS: InvalidateRect(hwnd, NULL, TRUE); return 0; case WM_PAINT: hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd, &ps); GetClientRect(hwnd, &rect); Rectangle(hdc, rect.left, rect.top, rect.right, rect.bottom); if (GetWindowLong(hwnd, 0)) { MoveToEx(hdc, rect.left, rect.top, NULL); LineTo(hdc, rect.right, rect.bottom); MoveToEx(hdc, rect.left, rect.bottom, NULL); LineTo(hdc, rect.right, rect.top); } if (hwnd == GetFocus()) { rect.left += rect.right / 20; rect.right -= rect.left; rect.top += rect.bottom / 20; rect.bottom -= rect.top; SelectObject(hdc, GetStockObject(NULL_BRUSH)); SelectObject(hdc, CreatePen(PS_DOT, 0, 0)); Rectangle(hdc, rect.left, rect.top, rect.right, rect.bottom); DeleteObject(SelectObject(hdc, GetStockObject(BLACK_PEN))); } EndPaint(hwnd, &ps); return 0; case WM_DESTROY: PostQuitMessage(0); return 0; } return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam); }
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原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/5iedu/p/4658843.html
