第15章 设备相关位图_15.1 DIB文件格式

int MaskToRshift(DWORD dwMask)
{   //设dwMask =0x0000F800
     int iShift;

     if (dwMask == 0)  return 0;
   
     //dwMask&1：取出dwMask最后一位,如果是0，则继续右移，直到遇到1停止。
     for (iShift = 0; !(dwMask & 1); iShift++)
         dwMask >> 1;

     return iShift;
}

//判断左移位数
int MaskToLshift(DWORD dwMask)
{
     //设dwMask =0x0000F800
     int iShift;
     if (dwMask == 0)  return 0;
 
     //先去掉dwMask右侧的0
     while (!(dwMask & 1))
         dwMask >> 1;
 
     //dwMask&1：取出dwMask最后一位,如果是1，则统计1的个数，直到遇到0为止。
     for (iShift = 0; (dwMask & 1); iShift++)
         dwMask >> 1;

     return 8- iShift; //因为每个通道的颜色用1个字节（8位）表示。
}

/*------------------------------------------------------------
DIBHEADS.C -- Displays DIB Header Information
(c) Charles Petzold, 1998
------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include <windows.h>
#include "resource.h"
#include "DibFile.h"
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
                   PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow)
{
    static TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT("DibHeads");
    HWND         hwnd;
    MSG          msg;
    WNDCLASSEX   wndclass;
    HACCEL       hAccel;
    wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
    wndclass.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
    wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
    wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0;
    wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0;
    wndclass.hInstance = hInstance;
    wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon(hInstance, szAppName);
    wndclass.hIconSm = LoadIcon(hInstance, szAppName);
    wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
    wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH);
    wndclass.lpszMenuName = szAppName;
    wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName;
    if (!RegisterClassEx(&wndclass))
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, TEXT("This program requires Windows NT!"),
                   szAppName, MB_ICONERROR);
        return 0;
    }

    hwnd = CreateWindow(szAppName,                  // window class name
                        TEXT("DIB Headers"), // window caption
                        WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,        // window style
                        CW_USEDEFAULT,              // initial x position
                        CW_USEDEFAULT,              // initial y position
                        CW_USEDEFAULT,              // initial x size
                        CW_USEDEFAULT,              // initial y size
                        NULL,                       // parent window handle
                        NULL,                       // window menu handle
                        hInstance,                  // program instance handle
                        NULL);                     // creation parameters

    ShowWindow(hwnd, iCmdShow);
    UpdateWindow(hwnd);
    hAccel = LoadAccelerators(hInstance, szAppName);
    while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
    {
        if (!TranslateAccelerator(hwnd, hAccel, &msg))
        {
            TranslateMessage(&msg);
            DispatchMessage(&msg);
        }
    }
    return msg.wParam;
}
void Printf(HWND hwnd, TCHAR* szFormat, ...)
{
    TCHAR szBuffer[1024];
    va_list  pArgList;
    va_start(pArgList, szFormat);
    wvsprintf(szBuffer, szFormat, pArgList);
    va_end(pArgList);
    // (0, -1)表示全选, (-1，任意)表示全不选
    SendMessage(hwnd, EM_SETSEL, (WPARAM)-1, (LPARAM)-1); //取消选择
    //未选择文本时，替换文本被插入到Caret所在位置
    SendMessage(hwnd, EM_REPLACESEL, FALSE, (LPARAM)szBuffer); //FALSE表示不能被撤消
    SendMessage(hwnd, EM_SCROLLCARET, 0, 0);
}
void DisplayDibHeaders(HWND hwnd, TCHAR* szFileName)
{
    static TCHAR* szInfoName[] = { TEXT("BITMAPCOREHEADER"),
        TEXT("BITMAPINFOHEADER"),
        TEXT("BITMAPV4HEADER"),
        TEXT("BITMAPV5HEADER") };
    static TCHAR* szCompression[] = { TEXT("BI_RGB"), TEXT("BI_RLE8"), TEXT("BI_RLE4"),
        TEXT("BI_BITFIELDS"), TEXT("unkown") };
    BITMAPFILEHEADER*   pbmfh;
    BITMAPV5HEADER*     pbmih;
    BITMAPCOREHEADER*   pbmch;
    TCHAR*              szV = NULL;
    int i;
    //显示文件名：
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("File：%s\r\n\r\n"), szFileName);
    SetCursor(LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_WAIT));
    ShowCursor(TRUE);

    //读取文件
    pbmfh = DibLoadImage(szFileName);
    if (pbmfh == NULL)
    {
        Printf(hwnd, TEXT("Could not read file.\r\n\r\n"));
        return;
    }
    ShowCursor(FALSE);
    SetCursor(LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW));

    //显示文件尺寸
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("File size =%u bytes\r\n\r\n"), pbmfh->bfSize);
    //显示BITMAPFILEHEADER结构体
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("BitmapFileHeader结构体\r\n"));
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.bfType =0x%X\r\n"), pbmfh->bfType);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.bfSize =%u bytes\r\n"), pbmfh->bfSize);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.bfReserved1 =%u\r\n"), pbmfh->bfReserved1);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.bfReserved2 =%u\r\n"), pbmfh->bfReserved2);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.bfOffBits =%u\r\n\r\n"), pbmfh->bfOffBits);
    //判断信息头的类型
    pbmih = (BITMAPV5HEADER*)((BYTE*)pbmfh + sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER));  //指向信息头
    switch (pbmih->bV5Size)
    {
    case sizeof(BITMAPCOREHEADER) : i = 0; break;
    case sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER) : i = 1; szV = TEXT("i"); break;
    case sizeof(BITMAPV4HEADER) : i = 2; szV = TEXT("V4"); break;
    case sizeof(BITMAPV5HEADER) : i = 3; szV = TEXT("V5"); break;
    default:
        Printf(hwnd, TEXT("Unknown header size of %u.\r\n\r\n"), pbmih->bV5Size);
        free(pbmfh);
        return;
    }
    //显示信息头名称
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT(" %s\r\n"), szInfoName[i]);
    //显示BITMAPCOREHEADER 各字段信息
    if (pbmih->bV5Size == sizeof(BITMAPCOREHEADER))
    {
        pbmch = (BITMAPCOREHEADER*)pbmih;
        Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.bcSize =%u bytes\r\n"), pbmch->bcSize);
        Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.bcWidth =%u\r\n"), pbmch->bcWidth);
        Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.bcHeight =%u\r\n"), pbmch->bcHeight);
        Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.bcPlanes =%u\r\n"), pbmch->bcPlanes);
        Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.bcBitCount =%u\r\n\r\n"), pbmch->bcBitCount);
        free(pbmfh);
        return;
    }
    //显示BITMAPINFOHEADER 各字段信息
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sSize =%u bytes\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5Size);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sWidth =%u\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5Width);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sHeight =%u\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5Height);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sPlanes =%u\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5Planes);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sBitCount =%u\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5BitCount);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sCompression =%s\r\n"), szV, szCompression[min(4, pbmih->bV5Compression)]);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sSizeImage =%u\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5SizeImage);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sXPelsPerMeter =%i\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5XPelsPerMeter);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sYPelsPerMeter =%i\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5YPelsPerMeter);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sClrUsed =%i\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5ClrUsed);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sClrImportant =%i\r\n\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5ClrImportant);
    if (pbmih->bV5Size == sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER))
    {
        if (pbmih->bV5Compression == BI_BITFIELDS)
        {
            Printf(hwnd, TEXT("Red Mask = %08X\r\n"), pbmih->bV5RedMask);
            Printf(hwnd, TEXT("Green Mask = %08X\r\n"), pbmih->bV5GreenMask);
            Printf(hwnd, TEXT("Blue Mask = %08X\r\n\r\n"), pbmih->bV5BlueMask);
        }
        free(pbmfh);
        return;
    }
    //显示BITMAPV4HEADER额外的字段
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sRedMask     = %08X\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5RedMask);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sGreenMask   = %08X\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5GreenMask);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sBlueMask    = %08X\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5BlueMask);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sAlphaMask   = %08X\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5AlphaMask);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sCSType      = %u\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5CSType);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sEndpoints.ciexyzRed.ciexyzX   = %08X\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5Endpoints.ciexyzRed.ciexyzX);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sEndpoints.ciexyzRed.ciexyzY   = %08X\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5Endpoints.ciexyzRed.ciexyzY);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sEndpoints.ciexyzRed.ciexyzZ   = %08X\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5Endpoints.ciexyzRed.ciexyzZ);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sEndpoints.ciexyzGreen.ciexyzX   = %08X\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5Endpoints.ciexyzGreen.ciexyzX);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sEndpoints.ciexyzGreen.ciexyzY   = %08X\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5Endpoints.ciexyzGreen.ciexyzY);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sEndpoints.ciexyzGreen.ciexyzZ   = %08X\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5Endpoints.ciexyzGreen.ciexyzZ);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sEndpoints.ciexyzBlue.ciexyzX   = %08X\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5Endpoints.ciexyzBlue.ciexyzX);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sEndpoints.ciexyzBlue.ciexyzY   = %08X\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5Endpoints.ciexyzBlue.ciexyzY);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sEndpoints.ciexyzBlue.ciexyzZ   = %08X\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5Endpoints.ciexyzBlue.ciexyzZ);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sGammaRed   = %08X\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5GammaRed);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sGammaGreen   = %08X\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5GammaGreen);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sGammaBlue   = %08X\r\n\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5GammaBlue);

    if (pbmih->bV5Size == sizeof(BITMAPV4HEADER))
    {
        free(pbmfh);
        return;
    }
    //显示BITMAPV5HEADER额外的字段
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sIntent   = %u\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5Intent);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sProfileData   = %u\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5ProfileData);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sProfileSize   = %u\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5ProfileSize);
    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sReserved      = %u\r\n\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5Reserved);
    free(pbmfh);
    return;
}
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
    static HWND    hwndEdit;
    static TCHAR   szFileName[MAX_PATH], szTitleName[MAX_PATH];

    switch (message)
    {
    case WM_CREATE:
        hwndEdit = CreateWindow(TEXT("edit"), NULL,
                                WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER | WS_VSCROLL |
                                WS_HSCROLL | ES_MULTILINE | ES_AUTOVSCROLL | ES_READONLY,
                                0, 0, 0, 0,
                                hwnd,
                                (HMENU)1,
                                ((LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam)->hInstance,
                                NULL);

        DibFileInitialize(hwnd);
        return 0;
    case WM_SIZE:
        MoveWindow(hwndEdit, 0, 0, LOWORD(lParam), HIWORD(lParam), TRUE);
        return 0;
    case WM_COMMAND:
        switch (LOWORD(wParam))
        {
        case IDM_FILE_OPEN:
            if (DibFileOpenDlg(hwnd, szFileName, szTitleName))
            {
                DisplayDibHeaders(hwndEdit, szFileName);
            }
            return 0;
        }
        break;

    case WM_DESTROY:
        PostQuitMessage(0);
        return 0;
    }
    return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam);
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------
DIBFILE.H ----  Header File for DIBFILE.C
------------------------------------------------------*/
#pragma  once
#include <windows.h>
void DibFileInitialize(HWND hwnd);
BOOL DibFileOpenDlg(HWND hwnd, PTSTR pstrFileName, PTSTR pstrTitleName);
BOOL DibFileSaveDlg(HWND hwnd, PTSTR pstrFileName, PTSTR pstrTitleName);
BITMAPFILEHEADER*  DibLoadImage(PTSTR pstrFileName);
BOOL               DibSaveImage(PTSTR pstrFileName, BITMAPFILEHEADER*);

#include "DibFile.h"
static OPENFILENAME ofn;
void DibFileInitialize(HWND hwnd)
{
    static TCHAR szFilter[] = TEXT("Bitmap Files (*.BMP)\0*.bmp\0")        TEXT("All Files(*.*)\0*.*\0\0");
    ofn.lStructSize = sizeof(OPENFILENAME);
    ofn.hwndOwner = hwnd;
    ofn.hInstance = NULL;
    ofn.lpstrFilter = szFilter;
    ofn.lpstrCustomFilter = NULL;
    ofn.nMaxCustFilter = 0;
    ofn.nFilterIndex = 0;
    ofn.lpstrFile = NULL;  //在打开和关闭中设置
    ofn.nMaxFile = MAX_PATH;
    ofn.lpstrFileTitle = NULL; //在打开和关闭函数中设置
    ofn.nMaxFileTitle = MAX_PATH;
    ofn.lpstrInitialDir = NULL;
    ofn.lpstrTitle = NULL;
    ofn.Flags = 0;     //在打开和关闭函数中设置
    ofn.nFileOffset = 0;
    ofn.nFileExtension = 0;
    ofn.lpstrDefExt = TEXT("bmp"); //默认扩展名
    ofn.lCustData = 0;
    ofn.lpfnHook = NULL;
    ofn.lpTemplateName = NULL;
}
BOOL DibFileOpenDlg(HWND hwnd, PTSTR pstrFileName, PTSTR pstrTitleName)
{
    ofn.hwndOwner = hwnd;
    ofn.lpstrFile = pstrFileName;
    ofn.lpstrFileTitle = pstrTitleName;
    ofn.Flags = 0;
    return GetOpenFileName(&ofn);
}
BOOL DibFileSaveDlg(HWND hwnd, PTSTR pstrFileName, PTSTR pstrTitleName)
{
    ofn.hwndOwner = hwnd;
    ofn.lpstrFile = pstrFileName;
    ofn.lpstrFileTitle = pstrTitleName;
    ofn.Flags = OFN_OVERWRITEPROMPT;
    return GetSaveFileName(&ofn);
}
BITMAPFILEHEADER*  DibLoadImage(PTSTR pstrFileName)
{
    BOOL                bSuccess;
    DWORD               dwFileSize, dwHighSize, dwBytesRead;
    HANDLE              hFile;
    BITMAPFILEHEADER*   pbmfh;

    hFile = CreateFile(pstrFileName, GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_READ, NULL,
                       OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_FLAG_SEQUENTIAL_SCAN, NULL);
    if (hFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
        return NULL;
    //返回文件大小的低位字，保存在dwFileSize中，高位字保存在dwHighSize中
    dwFileSize = GetFileSize(hFile, &dwHighSize);
    if (dwHighSize)  //文件太大，超过4G则dwHighSize不为0，退出
    {
        CloseHandle(hFile);
        return NULL;
    }
    //为位图文件分配内存，内存指针由文件头指针保管
    pbmfh = malloc(dwFileSize);
    if (!pbmfh)
    {
        CloseHandle(hFile);
        return NULL;
    }
    //读位图文件到内存
    bSuccess = ReadFile(hFile, pbmfh, dwFileSize, &dwBytesRead, NULL);
    CloseHandle(hFile);
    if ((!bSuccess) || (dwBytesRead != dwFileSize) ||
        (pbmfh->bfType != *(WORD*)"BM") ||   //位图标志“BM”
        (pbmfh->bfSize != dwFileSize))
    {
        free(pbmfh);
        return NULL;
    }
    return pbmfh;
}
BOOL               DibSaveImage(PTSTR pstrFileName, BITMAPFILEHEADER* pbmfh)
{
    BOOL     bSuccess;
    DWORD    dwBytesWritten;
    HANDLE   hFile;
    hFile = CreateFile(pstrFileName, GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL,
                       CREATE_ALWAYS, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
    if (hFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
        return FALSE;
    bSuccess = WriteFile(hFile, pbmfh, pbmfh->bfSize, &dwBytesWritten, NULL);
    CloseHandle(hFile);
    if ((!bSuccess) || (dwBytesWritten != pbmfh->bfSize))
    {
        DeleteFile(pstrFileName);
        return FALSE;
    }
    return TRUE;
}

//resource.h
//{{NO_DEPENDENCIES}}
// Microsoft Visual C++ 生成的包含文件。
// 供 DIBHeads.rc 使用
//
#define IDM_FILE_OPEN                   101
// Next default values for new objects
// 
#ifdef APSTUDIO_INVOKED
#ifndef APSTUDIO_READONLY_SYMBOLS
#define _APS_NEXT_RESOURCE_VALUE        103
#define _APS_NEXT_COMMAND_VALUE         40004
#define _APS_NEXT_CONTROL_VALUE         1001
#define _APS_NEXT_SYMED_VALUE           101
#endif
#endif

// Microsoft Visual C++ generated resource script.
//
#include "resource.h"
#define APSTUDIO_READONLY_SYMBOLS
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Generated from the TEXTINCLUDE 2 resource.
//
#include "winres.h"
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#undef APSTUDIO_READONLY_SYMBOLS
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// 中文(简体，中国) resources
#if !defined(AFX_RESOURCE_DLL) || defined(AFX_TARG_CHS)
LANGUAGE LANG_CHINESE, SUBLANG_CHINESE_SIMPLIFIED
#ifdef APSTUDIO_INVOKED
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// TEXTINCLUDE
//
1 TEXTINCLUDE
BEGIN
"resource.h\0"
END
2 TEXTINCLUDE
BEGIN
"#include ""winres.h""\r\n"
"\0"
END
3 TEXTINCLUDE
BEGIN
"\r\n"
"\0"
END
#endif    // APSTUDIO_INVOKED
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Menu
//
DIBHEADS MENU
BEGIN
POPUP "&File"
BEGIN
MENUITEM "&Open...\tCtrl+O", IDM_FILE_OPEN
END
END
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Accelerator
//
DIBHEADS ACCELERATORS
BEGIN
"^O", IDM_FILE_OPEN, ASCII, NOINVERT
END
#endif    // 中文(简体，中国) resources
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#ifndef APSTUDIO_INVOKED
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Generated from the TEXTINCLUDE 3 resource.
//
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#endif    // not APSTUDIO_INVOKED