Objective-C:Foundation框架

2、字符串的搜索

注释：NSRange是结构体，包含两个的数据为：NSUInteger Location(指定字符串的开始位置索引) 、NSUInteger Length(指定字符串的长度)

<1>搜索字符串:  

 -(NSRange )rangeOfString:(NSString *)

<2>查找字符串是不是以什么前缀开始:

-(BOOL)hasPrefix:(NSString *)

<3>查找字符串是不是以什么后缀开始:

-(BOOL)hasSuffix:(NSString *)

<4>在字符串中截取字串:      

     -(NSString*)substringWithRange:(NSRange )  

    或者   -(NSString*)substringFromIndex:(NSUInteger)

3、字符串的比较

<1>判断两个对象是不是同一个对象

 - (BOOL)isEqual:(id)object;

   或者- (BOOL)isEqualTo:(id)object;

<2>判断字符串是否相等

- (BOOL)isEqualToString:(NSString *)aString;

<3>字符串的比较

-(NSComparisonResult)compare:(NSString*)string;       

 返回值NSComparisonResult有以下三个：

 NSOrderedAscending：表示“<”, NSOrderedSame：表示”=", NSOrderedDescending：表示”>"

4、字符串与其他类型的转变

 <1>其它类型转换成字符串

+(NSString*)stringWithFormat:foomat…;

 <2>字符串转换为整型、实型、布尔型等

- (NSInteger)integerValue

        - (int)intValue;

- (CGFloat)doubleValue;

        - (double)doubleValue;

       - (float)floatValue;

       - (BOOL)boolValue 

 <4>字符串转换为C语言的字符串

-(const void *)UTF8String;

5、可变字符串NSMutableString(增、删、改、查)

<1>创建一个固定容量的可变数组

+ (id)stringWithCapacity:(NSUInteger)capacity;

<2>在索引处插入内容

- (void)insertString:(NSString *)aString atIndex:(NSUInteger)loc;

<3>删除内容

- (void)deleteCharactersInRange:(NSRange)range;

<4>添加内容（在尾部添加）

- (void)appendString:(NSString *)aString;

- (void)appendFormat:(NSString *)format, ... NS_FORMAT_FUNCTION(1,2);

<5>完全设置成其他的字符串

- (void)setString:(NSString *)aString;

<6>替换

- (void)replaceCharactersInRange:(NSRange)range withString:(NSString *)aString;

 

二、 NSNumber类

（1）将基本的数据类型包装为类类型 即基本数据类型包装类

- (id)initWithChar:(char)value;

- (id)initWithUnsignedChar:(unsigned char)value;

- (id)initWithShort:(short)value;

- (id)initWithUnsignedShort:(unsigned short)value;

- (id)initWithInt:(int)value;

- (id)initWithUnsignedInt:(unsigned int)value;

- (id)initWithLong:(long)value;

- (id)initWithUnsignedLong:(unsigned long)value;

- (id)initWithLongLong:(long long)value;

- (id)initWithUnsignedLongLong:(unsigned long long)value;

- (id)initWithFloat:(float)value;

- (id)initWithDouble:(double)value;

- (id)initWithBool:(BOOL)value;

 

+ (NSNumber *)numberWithChar:(char)value;

+ (NSNumber *)numberWithUnsignedChar:(unsigned char)value;

+ (NSNumber *)numberWithShort:(short)value;

+ (NSNumber *)numberWithUnsignedShort:(unsigned short)value;

+ (NSNumber *)numberWithInt:(int)value;

+ (NSNumber *)numberWithUnsignedInt:(unsigned int)value;

+ (NSNumber *)numberWithLong:(long)value;

+ (NSNumber *)numberWithUnsignedLong:(unsigned long)value;

+ (NSNumber *)numberWithLongLong:(long long)value;

+ (NSNumber *)numberWithUnsignedLongLong:(unsigned long long)value;

+ (NSNumber *)numberWithFloat:(float)value;

+ (NSNumber *)numberWithDouble:(double)value;

+ (NSNumber *)numberWithBool:(BOOL)value;

（2）包装后的类数据按照原类型取出来

- (char)charValue;

- (unsigned char)unsignedCharValue;

- (short)shortValue;

- (unsigned short)unsignedShortValue;

- (int)intValue;

- (unsigned int)unsignedIntValue;

- (long)longValue;

- (unsigned long)unsignedLongValue;

- (long long)longLongValue;

- (unsigned long long)unsignedLongLongValue;

- (float)floatValue;

- (double)doubleValue;

- (BOOL)boolValue;

 

三、 NSValue类

 

(1)将特殊基本类型包装为对象(例如结构体、数组、指针)

a.//将数组包装为类类型

+ (NSValue *)valueWithBytes:(const void *)value objCType:(const char *)type;

      或者+ (NSValue *)valueWithPointer:(const void *)pointer;

//取出数组类型

- (void *)pointerValue;

b.//将指针包装为类类型

+ (NSValue *)valueWithPointer:(const void *)pointer;

//取出指针类型

- (void *)pointerValue;

 

c.//将结构体包装为类类型(Foundation中常用的结构体:NSRange\NSRect\NSSize\NSPoint)

   首先创建结构体：(x、y为坐标原点)

NSRange range = NSMakeRange(location,length)

NSRect rect = NSMakeRect(x, y, width, height)

NSRange size = NSMakeSize(width,height)

NSRect point= NSMakePoint(x, y)

   将结构体当做参数

+ (NSValue *)valueWithRange:(NSRange)range;

+ (NSValue *)valueWithPoint:(NSPoint)point;

+ (NSValue *)valueWithSize:(NSSize)size;

+ (NSValue *)valueWithRect:(NSRect)rect;

 

//取出结构体类型

- (NSPoint)pointValue;

- (NSSize)sizeValue;

- (NSRect)rectValue;

- (NSRange)rangeValue;