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hdu 5159 Card (期望)

时间:2015-08-19 23:37:28      阅读:224      评论:0      收藏:0      [点我收藏+]

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Problem Description
There are x cards on the desk, they are numbered from 1 to x. The score of the card which is numbered i(1<=i<=x) is i. Every round BieBie picks one card out of the x cards,then puts it back. He does the same operation for b rounds. Assume that the score of the j-th card he picks is Sj . You are expected to calculate the expectation of the sum of the different score he picks.
 

 

Input
Multi test cases,the first line of the input is a number T which indicates the number of test cases.  In the next T lines, every line contain x,b separated by exactly one space.
[Technique specification] All numbers are integers. 1<=T<=500000 1<=x<=100000 1<=b<=5
 

 

Output
Each case occupies one line. The output format is Case #id: ans, here id is the data number which starts from 1,ans is the expectation, accurate to 3 decimal places. See the sample for more details.
 

 

Sample Input
2 2 3 3 3
 

 

Sample Output
Case #1: 2.625 Case #2: 4.222
Hint
For the first case, all possible combinations BieBie can pick are (1, 1, 1),(1,1,2),(1,2,1),(1,2,2),(2,1,1),(2,1,2),(2,2,1),(2,2,2) For (1,1,1),there is only one kind number i.e. 1, so the sum of different score is 1. However, for (1,2,1), there are two kind numbers i.e. 1 and 2, so the sum of different score is 1+2=3. So the sums of different score to corresponding combination are 1,3,3,3,3,3,3,2 So the expectation is (1+3+3+3+3+3+3+2)/8=2.625
 

 

Source
 
题意:
桌子上有a张牌,每张牌从1到a编号,编号为i(1<=i<=a)的牌上面标记着分数i , 每次从这a张牌中随机抽出一张牌,然后放回,执行b次操作,记第j次取出的牌上面分数是 Sj, 问b次操作后不同种类分数之和的期望是多少。
思路:
设Xi代表分数为i的牌在b次操作中是否被选到,Xi=1为选到,Xi=0为未选到
那么期望EX=1*X1+2*X2+3*X3+…+x*Xx
Xi在b次中被选到的概率是1-(1-1/x)^b
那么E(Xi)= 1-(1-1/x)^b
那么EX=1*E(X1)+2*E(X2)+3*E(X3)+…+x*E(Xx)=(1+x)*x/2*(1-(1-1/x)^b)
技术分享
 1 #include<iostream>
 2 #include<cstdio>
 3 #include<cstring>
 4 #include<cmath>
 5 #include<stdlib.h>
 6 #include<algorithm>
 7 using namespace std;
 8 int main()
 9 {
10     int t;
11     scanf("%d",&t);
12     double x,b;
13     int ac=0;
14     while(t--)
15     {
16         scanf("%lf%lf",&x,&b);
17         double ans=0;
18         double p=1-pow((1-1.0/x),b);
19         double num=(1+x)*x*1.0/2;
20         ans=num*p;
21         printf("Case #%d: ",++ac);
22         printf("%.3lf\n",ans);
23     }
24     return 0;
25 }
View Code

 

 

 

 

hdu 5159 Card (期望)

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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/UniqueColor/p/4743623.html

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